首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about harmful actions committed against themselves or others
The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about harmful actions committed against themselves or others
admin
2015-04-26
57
问题
The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about harmful actions committed against themselves or others has been the focus of recent research into the moral development of children. Until recently, child psychologists supported pioneer developmentalist Jean Piaget in his hypothesis that because of their immaturity, children under age seven do not take into account the intentions of a person committing accidental or deliberate harm, but rather simply assign punishment for transgressions on the basis of the magnitude of the negative consequences caused According to Piaget, children under age seven occupy the first stage of moral development, which is characterized by moral absolutism (rules made by authorities must be obeyed) and imminent justice (if rules are broken, punishment will be meted out). Until young children mature, their moral judgments are based entirely on the effect rather than the cause of a transgression. However, in recent research, Keasey found that six-year-old children not only distinguish between accidental and intentional harm, but also judge intentional harm as naughtier, regardless of the amount of damage produced. Both of these findings seem to indicate that children, at an earlier age than Piaget claimed, advance into the second stage of moral development, moral autonomy, in which they accept social rules but view them as more arbitrary than do children in the first stage.
Keasey’ s research raises two key questions for developmental psychologists about children under age seven: do they recognize justifications for harmful actions, and do they make distinctions between harmfulacts that are preventable and those acts that have unforeseen harmful consequences? Studies indicate that justifications excusing harmful actions might include public duty, self-defense, and provocation. For example, Nesdale and Rule concluded that children were capable of considering whether or not an aggressor’ s action was justified by public duty; five year olds reacted very differently to " Bonnie wrecks Arm’ s pretend house" depending on whether Bonnie did it " so somebody won’t fall over it" or because Bonnie wanted "to make Ann feel bad". Thus, a child of five begins to understand that certain harmful actions, though intentional, can be justified; the constraints of moral absolutism no longer solely guide their judgments.
Psychologists have determined that during kindergarten children learn to make subtle distinctions involving harm. Darley observed that among acts involving unintentional harm, six-year-old children just entering kindergarten could not differentiate between foreseeable, and thus preventable , harm and unforeseeable harm for which the perpetrator cannot be blamed. Seven months later, however, Darley found that these same children could make both distinctions, thus demonstrating that they had become morally autonomous.
It can be inferred that the term "public duty" (para. 2) , in the context of the passage, means which of the following?
选项
A、The necessity to apprehend perpetrators
B、The responsibility to punish transgressors
C、An obligation to prevent harm to another
D、The assignment of punishment for harmful action
答案
C
解析
由下文可知,“public duty”意指保护他人不受伤害的责任。
转载请注明原文地址:https://www.kaotiyun.com/show/K5ua777K
本试题收录于:
翻译硕士(翻译硕士英语)题库专业硕士分类
0
翻译硕士(翻译硕士英语)
专业硕士
相关试题推荐
大多数专家认为,越来越多的国家和恐怖组织会在技术上具备获得并使用生化武器的能力。但敌对国家或恐怖组织使用这些武器的情况并不是不可避免的。即使在血淋淋的常规战争中打得难分难解,那些动过念头的国家也不敢轻易使用这些武器,他们担心敌人会以牙还牙地报复或在其他地方
ThoughtsinWestminsterAbbeyWhenIaminaserioushumour,IveryoftenwalkbymyselfinWestminsterAbbey;wheretheglo
Itisaresearchthatisguaranteedtodelightmen—andinfuriatethewomenintheirlives.Acontroversialnewstudyhasclaime
Misfortunemaybeanactualblessing.
What’sthechanceof______ageneralelectionthisyear?
Itcanbearguedthatmuchconsumerdissatisfactionwithmarketingstrategiesarisesfromaninabilitytoaimadvertisingatonl
Thereareplentyofexpensiveandexclusiveclubstheworldoverwhocanannuallyrelieveyou______largequantitiesofmoneyin
Thosewhosupportviolenceontelevisionclaimthatithelpstheviewerto______steamandtogetridofhisfeelingsinaharm
Extremely________informationshouldnotbetraced,andyoushouldtrytoavoidauditingitifyoucan.
WhatTrump’sElectionMeansforChinaBattlegroundshavebeendrawnthispastweekintheUnitedStates’historicelection,a
随机试题
A.林可霉素B.红霉素C.青霉素D.链霉素E.四环素有耳毒性和肾毒性等不良反应的抗生素是
下列关于证券投资咨询机构申请基金代销业务资格应当具备的条件,说法正确的有()。
企业发生的下列借款费用中,应当作为资本性支出计入有关资产成本的有()。
A国是亚洲经济发展最快的国家。A国的B省在过去30年间大力发展各类制造及加工业务,成为A国南方沿海经济第一大省。随着B省经济的快速发展,省内几个主要城市均建造了民用机场。近几年,A国政府开始大力推动铁路网络建设,目标是覆盖全国各主要省市。B省亦开始建设通往
个性化服务是导游人员在落实接待计划规定的内容之外为满足部分或个别游客的()而提供的服务。
下列不属于世界三大数学家的是()。
以下注意事项为批办工作中特别强调的是()。
医生:医院:医治
A.胸腔漏出液B.胸腔渗出液C.两者都有D.两者都无胸膜肿瘤可产生
Itisdifficultforustoexplainphenomenathatwehavelittleor________directknowledge.
最新回复
(
0
)