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  3. What does Chicago mayor mean by saying that "... you are supposed to just, on your own, turn that around. "(para. 4)? Britain

What does Chicago mayor mean by saying that "... you are supposed to just, on your own, turn that around. "(para. 4)? Britain

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问题    What does Chicago mayor mean by saying that "... you are supposed to just, on your own, turn that around. "(para. 4)?
   Britain’ s top surgeons have warned that new government contracts for junior doctors may accelerate the "brain drain" stripping the NHS of its most talented staff. In a letter urging Jeremy Hunt, the health secretary, to re-engage in talks to avert a strike that could delay up to 180,000 operations, more than 1,000 consultants sound the alarm about the falling number of applications to medical schools and rising dropout rates.
   Three days of walkout are set to disrupt non-urgent NHS services next month after 98% of the 28,305 junior doctors who took part in a British Medical Association(BMA)ballot backed strike action. Hunt has said the new contracts are necessary to provide a seven-day NHS and that a reduction in overtime rates for junior doctors at weekends would be compensated for by extra basic pay and a cut in the maximum number of hours a doctor can work in a week. He has accused the doctors’ union of misleading its members, but the BMA says the government is trying to impose an unfair contract because some doctors’ pay would drop.
   In the past two days more than 1,000 consultant surgeons have added their names to the letter, published today in The Sunday Times, urging NHS employers to "restart negotiations without the threat of preconditions or the imposition of the new contract to avoid further threats of industrial action". It highlights the fact that applications to medical schools have fallen this year and that in 2014, 40% of trainees dropped out before completing their core training against 25% the previous year.
   Among those who signed the letter is Nigel Standfield, a vascular surgeon and head of the London Postgraduate School of Surgery, which is responsible for 1,400 trainees. He said: "These figures are hugely alarming, especially given the amount of money that has been invested in their training. "The competition ratios for jobs are now so low that we are unable to maintain the high standards required and this is causing immense pressure on the hospital environment. "
   In 2007 there were eight junior doctors competing for each surgical speciality post but now the ratio is just one to one, according to BMJ Careers. Shafi Ahmed, a council member of the Royal College of Surgeons, said hospitals were struggling to fill posts as trainees dropped out or moved abroad. This year 8,026 doctors have been issued with a certificate of current professional status, the paperwork needed to practice medicine outside the UK, against 4,564 in 2008. Ahmed said: "We are seeing a shortage of trainees and if the new contract goes ahead we face an even bigger exodus. Junior doctors have the right to strike but we are urging both parties to go back to the table. "
   Consultants argue the proposed changes would see trainees "paid less to do extra hours, out of hours" and that those who took time out to do research or to have a family would be hit hardest. Stella Vig, chairwoman of the joint committee on surgical training, said: "Female surgeons will naturally take career breaks to have children but the proposed pay structure discourages this. " Alistair Burt, a health minister, said Hunt had not ruled out mediation through the conciliation service Acas. He said up to 60,000 operations would be at risk of cancellation or delay on each day of strike action and described the industrial action planned for December 1,8 and 16 as "entirely avoidable".
   The Department of Health said: "Strike action always puts patients at risk so this blinkered and persistent refusal by the BMA to engage with the government is extremely disappointing. " Junior doctors will provide a "Christmas Day" level of service on the first day of the strikes and a full walkout on the second two days from 8am to 5pm. Several trusts have said they will ask consultants to cancel elective work in order to cover emergency care. Dr Kathy McLean, medical director at the NHS Trust Development Authority, said: "We will be working with NHS England, trusts and foundation trusts on plans to manage the impact of industrial action and minimize disruption for patients. "
What are the major causes for the falling number of applications to medical schools and rising dropout rates? What is the situation in the competition ratios for jobs in medical fields?
选项
答案the situation of "brain drain" in medical profession / "immense pressure on the hospital environment"/ compared with the money and efforts invested in medical study and training/ the pay junior doctors received is much lower than expected /more people didn’t want to attend medical schools / the competition ratios for medical jobs has dropped from 8 to one to just one to one within a decade/ many hospitals are trying hard "to fill posts" as more trainees/doctors leaving or moving abroad /
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