2. 外语
  3. It can be inferred from the passage that accidental-death damage awards in America during the nineteenth century tended to be ba

It can be inferred from the passage that accidental-death damage awards in America during the nineteenth century tended to be ba

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问题 It can be inferred from the passage that accidental-death damage awards in America during the nineteenth century tended to be based principally on the______
Which of the following alternative explanations of the change in the cash value of children would be most likely to be put forward by sociological economists as they are described in the passage?
选项 A、The cash value of children rose during the nineteenth century because parents began to increase their emotional investment in the upbringing of their children.
B、The cash value of children rose during the nineteenth century because their expected earnings over the course of a lifetime increased greatly.
C、The cash value of children rose during the nineteenth century because the spread of humanitarian ideals resulted in a wholesale reappraisal of the worth of an individual
D、The cash value of children rose during the nineteenth century because compulsory education laws reduced the supply, and thus raised the costs, of available child labor.
E、The cash value of children rose during the nineteenth century because of changes in the way negligence law assessed damages in accidental-death cases.
答案B
解析 B is the best answer. According to the author, practitioners of the new “sociological economics” explain sociological phenomena “solely in terms of their economic determinants” and “tend to view all human behavior as directed primarily by the principle of maximizing economic gain’ (lines 85-98). This choice provides just such an economic explanation for the nineteenth-century rise in the cash value of children. A paraphrases Zelizer’s own explanation, which is at odds with that of the sociological economists. C uses social values and emotional factors to explain an even broader revaluation of individual worth. D uses an economic argument to explain the change, but here the economic factors at work are the result of a change. E provides a legal explanation for the change.
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