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  3. What do we mean by a satisfactory standard of living? Obviously, it must include the basic necessities of life such as food, clo

What do we mean by a satisfactory standard of living? Obviously, it must include the basic necessities of life such as food, clo

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问题    What do we mean by a satisfactory standard of living? Obviously, it must include the basic necessities of life such as food, clothing and shelter. To get these necessities on regular basis, a person must have a reliable income. But we have other needs which would probably also be included as basic, such as health and education facilities.
   We may think of all of these as our needs. Yet most of us would be far from satisfied if we had nothing more than these which are supplied for us. We all enjoy extra income to spend on things like books, sports or hobbies. Sometimes we save some of this extra income to pay for future expense of this type on holidays. So we must add our wants to our basic needs. Our standard of living is the degree, to which these needs and wants are satisfied.
   But as time goes on, what we think of as our basic needs changes. Twenty years ago a television would have been a luxury, and still is in many countries now. Even now we cannot say it is a need in the same sense as food, clothing and shelter. Yet if most of the people of a country have one, it comes to be accepted as a need. It is possible therefore to have food, clothing and shelter and still be poor by the standards of our own society.
What we need in life is divided into______according to this passage.
选项 A、the basic necessities and luxury
B、many kinds of need such as food, clothing and houses
C、four groups: the basic necessities, luxury, reliable income and future expense
D、the basic necessities and reliable income
答案A
解析 推理题。根据文章第一段第一句可知，本文的主旨是令人满意的生活水平是什么样的。文章最后一段最后一句话提到，我们有了食物、衣服和住所，而很可能按照我们社会的标准衡量，我们还是穷的。从这句话可知，我们除了满足基本的需求，还有其他更高级的需求，所以可以推知：人的需要分为基本需要和高级需要。选项B(像食物、衣服和房屋这样的很多种必需品)是基本需求，属于同一分类。选项C(四种基本需求类别：必需品、奢侈品、稳定的收入和未来支出)和选项D(基本需求和稳定收入)不符合文章内容，故本题选A。
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