2. 考研
  3. Psychologically there are two dangers to be guarded against in old age. One of these is undue absorption in the past. It does no

Psychologically there are two dangers to be guarded against in old age. One of these is undue absorption in the past. It does no

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问题     Psychologically there are two dangers to be guarded against in old age. One of these is undue absorption in the past. It does not do to live in memories, in regrets for the good old days, or in sadness about friends who are dead. One’s thoughts must be directed to the future, and to things about which there is something to be done. This is not always easy; one’s own past is a gradually increasing weight. It is easy to think to oneself that one’s emotions used to be more vivid than they are and one’s mind more keen. If this is true it should be forgotten, and if it is forgotten it will probably not be true.
    The other thing to be avoided is clinging to youth in the hope of sucking vigor from its vitality. When your children are grown up they want to live their own lives, and if you continue to be as interested in them as you were when they were young, you are likely to become a burden to them, unless they are unusually callous. I do not mean that one should be without interest in them, but one’s interest should be contemplative and, if possible, philanthropic, but not unduly emotional. Animals become indifferent to their young as soon as their young can look after themselves, but human beings, owing to the length of infancy, find this difficult.
    I think that a successful old age is easiest for those who have strong impersonal interest involving appropriate activities. It is in this sphere that long experience is really fruitful, and it is in this sphere that the wisdom born of experience can be exercised without being oppressive. It is no use telling grownup children not to make mistakes, both because they will not believe you, and because mistakes are an essential part of education. And you must realize that you must not expect that they will enjoy your company.
    Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death. But I think for an old man who has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do, the fear of death is somewhat abject and ignoble. The best way to overcome it—so at least it seems to me—is to make your interest gradually more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life. An individual human existence should be like river—small at first, gradually grows, wider, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being. The man who in old age can see his life in this way, will not suffer from the fear of death, since the things he cares for will continue. And if, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the thought of rest will not be unwelcome. I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on what I can no longer do and content in the thought that what was possible has been done.
Which of the following choices is not the proper way that the man in old age should treat his life?
选项 A、To overcome the fear of death.
B、He isn’t satisfied with what he has done on his deathbed.
C、His life is only a trivial part of the universal life.
D、He wants to have a rest as he grows older.
答案B
解析 最后一段主要讲述了对于老年人来说战胜对死亡的恐惧的必要性，以及如何才能做到这一点，故A项正确；该段第三句指出，战胜对死亡的恐惧的最好办法就是使兴趣更加广泛，直到自我围墙逐渐倒塌，自己的生命和宇宙融合在一起，对应C项内容；D项与倒数第二句“如果随着精力的衰退，疲劳感增加，休息的想法也不是那么不受欢迎”表达意思相符。因此只有B项内容是老年人不应采取的对待生活的态度。
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