首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The Supreme Court’s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying
The Supreme Court’s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying
admin
2014-09-27
80
问题
The Supreme Court’s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.
Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of "double effect", a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects—a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen—is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.
Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients’ pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patients.
Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who "until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death. "
George Annas, chair of the health law department at Boston University, maintains that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death. "It’s like surgery," he says. "We don’t call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn’t intend to kill their patients, although they risked their death. If you’re a physician, you can risk your patients’ suicide as long as you don’t intend their suicide. "
On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.
Just three weeks before the Court’s ruling on physician-assisted suicide, the National Academy of Science (NAS) released a two-volume report, Approaching Death; Improving Care at the End of Life. It identifies the under-treatment of pain and the aggressive use of "ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying" as the twin problems of end-of-life care. The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospices, to test knowledge of aggressive pain management therapies, to develop a Medicare billing code for hospital-based care, and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life.
Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives translate into better care. "Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering," to the extent that it constitutes "systematic patient abuse." He says medical licensing boards "must make it clear... that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension. "
From the first three paragraphs, we learn that______.
选项
A、doctors used to increase drug dosages to control their patients’ pain
B、it is still illegal for doctors to help the dying end their lives
C、the Supreme Court strongly opposes physician-assisted suicide
D、patients have no constitutional right to commit suicide
答案
B
解析
推断题。文章第一段说:最高法院对于医生协助病人自杀的裁决,对如何使用药物来减轻病人的痛苦有着重大的意义。第二段说:尽管宪法没有赋予医生去帮助病人自杀的权力,法院实际支持了医疗界的“双效原则”。第三段说:医生们正是借用这个原则,为大剂量地给晚期(terminally ill)病人注射吗啡提供正当的理由,尽管增加剂量将最终致病人于死地。由此从第二段可推断,B项:医生们帮助病人自杀仍是非法的,为正确答案。A项:医生过去常用增加剂量的方法来控制病人的痛苦与第三段的增加吗啡剂量不符合。C项:最高法院强烈反对医生帮助病人自杀,与D项:宪法没有赋予病人自杀的权力,都与文章内容不符。
转载请注明原文地址:https://www.kaotiyun.com/show/lnRd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语四级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语四级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
Helandedinthiscountrywhenhewas4yearsoldwithoutawordofEnglish,andtherehehasrecentlygraduatedwithhonorsf
Classicalphysicsdefinesthevacuumasastateofabsence:avacuumissaidtoexistinaregionofspaceifthereisnothingi
Howmanyfludeathsayearinthe1990’s?
Inthe1950s,thepioneersofartificialintelligence(AI)predictedthat,bytheendofthiscentury,computerswouldbeconversi
Childrenstartoutasnaturalscientists,instinctivelyeagertoinvestigatetheworldaroundthem.Helpingthemenjoyscienc
Everyoneknowsthattaxationisnecessaryinamodernstate:【21】______it,itwouldnotbepossibletopaythesoldiersand
Everyoneknowsthattaxationisnecessaryinamodernstate:【21】______it,itwouldnotbepossibletopaythesoldiersand
Manchester
Evenplantscanrunafever,especiallywhentheyareunderattackbyinsectsordiseases.But21humans,plantscanhavetheir
about6000million此题考查世界人口数,因为答案不能超出三个词,所以可用about替代morethan。注意不同时间的人口数不同。
随机试题
AdamSmithwasthefirstpersontoseetheimportanceofthedivisionofthelabor.Hegaveusanexampleoftheprocessbywhic
孤立性心肌炎时,心肌间质的肉芽肿不含有下列哪一种成分
在局麻和拔牙过程中都可能发生的并发症是
美国A公司从中国B公司进口一批冻火鸡,供应圣诞节市场。因卖方迟延装船,买方拒收货物,双方发生争议。事后按合同约定,中国B公司将争议提交中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会裁决。仲裁委员会裁决由中国B公司赔偿美国A公司因迟延交货所造成的直接经济损失500美元。美国A公
关于劳务报酬所得按“每次”取得收入计缴个人所得税的下列表述中,正确的有()。(2015年)
学校产生所需要的三个基本条件是()
下列哪项属于21世纪取得的科学成就?()
到中世纪时期,大多数地区的文明已根深蒂固,难以________。唯独在西方,曾盛行一时的古典文明被连根拔起,为新文明的形成彻底扫清了道路,沿着崭新的道路自由发展。正是西方的这一独特性,使西方能发展经济力量,推动技术进步,产生向海外扩张、________世界
给定资料1.金融是国家重要的核心竞争力,党中央高度重视防控金融风险、保障金融安全。党的十九大要求,“深化金融体制改革,增强金融服务实体经济能力,提高直接融资比重,促进多层次资本市场健康发展。健全货币政策和宏观审慎政策双支柱调控框架,深化利率和汇率市场化改
A、B、C、D、C
最新回复
(
0
)