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  3. Locusts, which can consume their own weight in food each day, have a large neuron called the locust giant movement detector(LGMD

Locusts, which can consume their own weight in food each day, have a large neuron called the locust giant movement detector(LGMD

admin2016-12-06  63
问题     Locusts, which can consume their own weight in food each day, have a large neuron called the locust giant movement detector(LGMD)located behind their eyes. The LGMD releases bursts of energy whenever a locust is on a collision course with another locust or a predatory bird.
    A few years ago Rind and her colleagues studied the activity of the LGMD as locusts watched action scenes from the movie Star Wars. The team found that the LGMD releases more energy when something is coming directly at the locust.
    These spikes of energy, called action potentials, prompt the locusts to take evasive action. The entire process from motion detection to reaction takes about 45 milliseconds—or 45 thousandths of a second.
    "Locusts, like most insects, can see many more images per second than we do. This means they can react in time to things that are approaching very rapidly and so make their escape before collision," Rind said.
    The locusts’ ability to see many more images per second than humans gives them a remarkable view of the world. For humans, it would be like watching everything go by in slow motion, Rind added.
    And because the insects only detect things that are on a collision course with them, the locusts are ignorant of all other movements. It’s a particularly useful trait, as the locusts travel in dense swarms akin to rush hour traffic.
    "The LGMD system is complemented by the brain of the locust, which provides the necessary experience and knowledge to really react according to the situation," said Jorge Cuadri, a project engineer with Spain’s National Centre of Microelectronics. Cuadri is helping to develop the circuitry(电路装置)for the locust-inspired crash avoidance technology.
    Cuadri and his colleagues are responsible for adapting the locust collision-avoidance system to the automotive environment.
    Their adapted system is based on a single, integrated step that combines visual optics and electronics. The conventional way of doing this would involve two steps: First, a camera would capture the image. Second, a digital processor would analyze it.
    The two-step approach, which uses radar images, is expensive and currently limited only to luxury cars, Rind said.
What energy does "action potentials" refer to?
选项
答案The spikes of energy released by LGMD．／The bursts of energy released by LGMD．
解析 action potentials来自第3段，该段第一句指出action potentials指的是these spikes of energy，但本题不能笼统地照抄these spikes，指的是什么，也要说明。联系上两段可知these spikes of energy指的就是由LGMD发出的能量，因此，本题完整的答案应该是The spikes of energy released by LGMD，spikes和第1段的bursts同义，可在答案中互相替换。
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