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  3. Children from poor families are already a year behind in vocabulary tests when they start school, according to a research publis

Children from poor families are already a year behind in vocabulary tests when they start school, according to a research publis

admin2013-09-16  44
问题     Children from poor families are already a year behind in vocabulary tests when they start school, according to a research published recently.
    It【C1】______the full impact of upbringing and home life on【C2】______, and how those from troubled or impoverished homes can fall behind at a young age. Many never catch up with【C3】______classmates and become stuck in a cycle of【C4】______.
    The report, by the Sutton Trust. 【C5】______the importance of activities such as bedtime stories and taking children to museums and libraries. In【C6】______, these appear to have a bigger impact on【C7】______than wealth.
    It shows that home environment has an(a) 【C8】______influence on children’ s academic achievement and【C9】______questions about whether social mobility has【C10】______under the present government.
    Researchers from the trust, a charity that aims to cut【C11】______in education, said that politicians had【C12】______the problem by using phrases such as "Broken Britain", and polarizing the argument of whether poverty or parenting was the【C13】______cause.
    They【C14】______the performance of more than 12, 000 five-year-olds, and found that the poorest fifth were almost a year behind pupils from middle-income families and 16 months【C15】______those from rich backgrounds when they started school.
    The report said :"Parenting style, for example rules about bedtimes and factors like【C16】______reading and trips to museums and galleries,【C17】______up to half of the explained cognitive gap between the lowest and middle-income families. "
    Parenting and【C18】______environment were responsible for almost half of the gap in achievement, the report said. 【C19】______possessions such as internet access, cars and good living conditions, or lack of them, caused about 30 percent of the【C20】______.  
【C4】
选项 A、underachievement
B、comparison
C、exclusion
D、inferiority
答案A
解析 名词辨析题。underachievement意思是“低成就”。这里是说问题家庭和贫困家庭的孩子陷入了成绩欠佳的恶性循环。本题的underachievement与第一题的attainment“成就”形成了对比。
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