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  3. Thirty-two people watched Kitty’ Genovese being killed right beneath their windows. She was their neighbor. Yet none of them hel

Thirty-two people watched Kitty’ Genovese being killed right beneath their windows. She was their neighbor. Yet none of them hel

admin2010-05-05  80
问题     Thirty-two people watched Kitty’ Genovese being killed right beneath their windows. She was their neighbor. Yet none of them helped her. Not one even called the police. Was this gunman cruelty? Was it lack of feeling about one’s fellow man?
    "Not so," say scientists John Barley and Bib Fatane. These men went beyond the headlines to probe the masons why people didn’t act. They found that a person has to go through two steps before he can help. First he has to notice that is an emergency. Suppose you see a middle-aged man fall to the side-walk. Is he having a heart attack? Is he in a coma(昏迷) from diabetes(糖尿病)? Or is he about to sleep off a drunk? Is the smoke coming into the room from a leak in the air conditioning? Is it "steam pipes"? Or is it really smoke from a fire? It’s not always easy to tell if you are faced with a real emergency.
    Second, and more important, the person faced with an emergency must feel personally responsible. He must feel that he must help, or the person won’t get the help he needs. The researchers found that a lot depends on how many people are around. They had college students in to be "tested". Some came alone. Some came with one or two others. And some came in large groups. The receptionist started them off on the "tests". Then she went into the next room. A curtain divided the "testing room" and the room into which she went. Soon the students heard a scream, the noise of file cabinets falling and a cry for help. All of these had been pre-recorded on a tape-recorder. Eight out of ten of the students taking the test alone acted to help. Of the students in pairs, only two out of ten helped. Of the students in groups, none helped.
    In other words, in a group, Americans often fail to act. They feel that others will act. They, themselves, needn’t. They do not feel any direct responsibility. Are people bothered by situations where people are in trouble? Yes. Scientists found that the people were emotional, they sweated, they had trembling hands. They felt the other person’s trouble. But they did not act. They were in a group. Their actions, were shaped by the actions of those they were with.
选项 A、to explain why people fail to act in emergencies
B、to explain when people will act in emergencies
C、to explain what people will do in emergencies
D、to explain how people feel in emergencies
答案B
解析 文章主旨题。本文主要讲述了科学家们通过实验研究出人们在帮助别人的两个要素，同时指出，事情发生时，有多少人在场，也起决定作用。其目的就是分析在何种情况下，人们才会伸出援助之手。这一点还可以通过文章开头的引子看出来，作者引述这个故事的目的也正是为了提出问题，告知读者写作目的。
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