首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Culture — the Fifth Language Skill I. The understanding of culture A. "Software of the Mind" — traditions, values and______behav
Culture — the Fifth Language Skill I. The understanding of culture A. "Software of the Mind" — traditions, values and______behav
admin
2016-10-21
83
问题
Culture — the Fifth Language Skill
I. The understanding of culture
A. "Software of the Mind"
— traditions, values and______behaviour【T1】______
— daily life, institutions and cultural artefacts
— interesting and useful, often included in______【T2】______
B. the development of cultural______and skill【T3】______
— building______【T4】______
— the qualities needed to deal with other cultures
— how to operate successfully with people from other cultures
It is mainly needed by______.【T5】______
II. The teaching of culture in ELT
A. cultural knowledge: the knowledge of the culture’s______【T6】______
B. cultural______: such as family, hospitality, patriotism, fairness【T7】______
C. cultural behaviour: the knowledge of______and behaviour【T8】______
D. cultural skills: the development of intercultural awareness
III. The reasons for culture being the fifth language skill
A. the international role of the English language
— English is a______.【T9】______
— English is a______ needed in operating internationally.【T10】______
So English should emerge______in the school curriculum.【T11】______
B. ______【T12】______
Everybody is dealing with foreigners.
— Adults: outsourcing or email, phone and video-conferencing
— Kids:______, keypal schemes and networks like Facebook【T13】______
IV. What the fifth language skill teaches
A. the mindset and techniques to______in using【T14】______
English to accept difference in other cultures
B. an obvious______change embodied in the use of language【T15】______
V. Conclusion
【T4】
In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s)you fill in is(are)both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.
You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.
(a thirty-second interval)
Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.
Culture — the Fifth Language Skill
Good morning, everyone. Today, I want to share with you my understanding of culture as the fifth language skill, in addition to listening, speaking, reading and writing. I’ll approach my topic in three aspects: the understanding of culture: the teaching of culture in ELT: and why it is considered the fifth language skill.
First of all, what do we mean by " culture" ? Many people might quote the Dutch psychologist Geert Hofstede’s maxim "Software of the Mind" , the subtitle of his 2005 book Cultures and Organisations. What culture covers are the commonly held traditions, values and ways of behaving of a particular community. It includes what we used to call "British and American life and institutions" , "daily life" and also cultural artefacts, such as the arts or sports. This is all interesting and sometimes useful knowledge and it is often included in textbooks.
However, there is also another level of understanding of culture. This is how you develop cultural sensitivity and cultural skill. This covers how you build cultural awareness, what qualities you need to deal successfully with other cultures, and how to operate successfully with people from other cultures. This is often considered to be a business skill for adults, such as international sales managers or explorers. But if you think about it there is a set of skills also needed by refugee kids, " third culture kids" following their parents as they are posted around the world, and students going abroad in gap years before university or overseas study grants.
Therefore we could argue that the teaching of culture in ELT, i.e. the teaching of English to people for whom it is not the first language, should include these things:
First, cultural knowledge. I mean, the knowledge of the culture’s institutions, "the Big C" , as it’s described by Tomalin and Stempleski in their 1995 book Cultural Awareness. Second, cultural values, which are the "psyche" of the country. What people think is very important: it includes things like family, hospitality, patriotism, fairness, etc. Third, cultural behaviour, which refers to the knowledge of daily routines and behaviour. Tomalin and Stempleski describe it as "the little c". And the last one, cultural skills. They mainly embody the development of intercultural sensitivity and awareness, using the English language as the medium of interaction.
Then why should we consider the teaching of a cultural skills set as part of language teaching and why should we consider it a fifth language skill? I think there are two reasons. One is the international role of the English language and the other is globalisation.
Many now argue that the role of the English language in the curriculum is a life skill and should be taught as a core curriculum subject like maths and the mother tongue. The reason for this is the development of globalisation and the fact that to operate internationally people will need to be able to use a lingua franca. For the next twenty to thirty years at least, that language is very much likely to be English. It means that English will be a core communicative skill and will need to be taught early in the school curriculum. Many countries now introduce English at eight years old and many parents introduce their children to English at an even younger age, using "early advantage" programmes.
The second argument is globalisation itself. You could say, "We are all internationalists now." We are or will be dealing with foreigners in our community, going abroad more, dealing at a distance with foreigners through outsourcing or email, phone and video-conferencing. And this isn’t just for adults. Kids are interchanging experience and information through travel, keypal schemes and networks like Facebook. This is the time to develop the intercultural skills that will serve them in adult life.
Up until recently, I assumed that if you learned the language, you learned the culture, but actually it isn’t true. You can learn a lot of cultural features but it doesn’t teach you sensitivity and awareness or even how to behave in certain situations. What the fifth language skill teaches you is the mindset and techniques to adapt your use of English to learn about, understand and appreciate the values, ways of doing things and unique qualities of other cultures. It involves understanding how to use language to accept difference, to be flexible and tolerant of ways of doing things which might be different to yours. It is an obvious change in attitude that is expressed through the use of language.
So these are some of the big picture issues I would be delighted to exchange ideas on with you. Next time we can look in more detail at some of the "nitty gritty" operational issues that teachers and materials developers have to deal with in their daily lives. Thank you for your attention. I look forward to meeting you again.
选项
答案
cultural awareness
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://www.kaotiyun.com/show/dj7O777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Ifyouintendusinghumorinthetalktomakepeoplesmiling,【M1】______youmustknowhowtoidentifysharedexperiencesandpr
JohnGalsworthywasmostfamousfor
Necessarymeditationsontheactual,includingthemeanbread-and-cheesequestion,dissipatedthephantasmalforawhile,andco
Necessarymeditationsontheactual,includingthemeanbread-and-cheesequestion,dissipatedthephantasmalforawhile,andco
Notlongago,TedGupopenedabatteredoldsuitcasefromhismothersatticanddiscoveredafamilysecret.Insidewasathick
Man’slinguisticabilityenableshimtoproduceandunderstandaninfinitelylargenumberofsentencesinhisnativelanguage,i
现代社会无论价值观的持有还是生活方式的选择都充满了矛盾。而最让现代人感到尴尬的是,面对重重矛盾,许多时候你却别无选择。匆忙与休闲是截然不同的两种生活方式。但在现实生活中,人们却在这两种生活方式间频繁穿梭,有时也说不清自己到底是“休闲着”还是“匆忙着”。譬如
书籍到了我的手里,我的习惯是先看序文,次看目录。页数不多的往往立刻通读,篇幅大的,只把正文任择一二章节略加翻阅,就插在书架上。除小说外,我少有全体读完的大部的书,只凭了购入当时的记忆,知道某册书是何种性质,其中大概有些什么可取的材料而已。什么书在什么时候再
A、Oppositive.B、Supportive.C、Neutral.D、Impassive.A本题设题点在对话问答处。根据句(6)可知,Jean表示不想让自己的小孩因为钱而去约会,由此可以推出Jean对于为了钱而和亿万富翁约会的事持反对的态度,
A、Bad.B、Justsoso.C、Great.D、Inconvenient.C本题考查重要细节。根据句(6)可知,丽莎说威斯汀酒店的服务非常棒,因此[C]为答案。
随机试题
下列行政许可法律文书中,应当向当事人告知救济权利和途径的是:()
能够揭示财务状况变动原因的财务报表是()。
坚持建设德才兼备的高素质法治工作队伍,推进法治专门队伍()
2岁女童,因持续发热1周伴皮疹来院就诊。人院后检查发现四肢末端实性肿胀、双眼结膜充血、口唇干燥潮红、咽部黏膜弥漫性发红及颈部淋巴结肿大。对于该患儿双眼症状,适宜的护理措施是
下列哪种情况不首选胰岛素
李某涉嫌间谍罪,本案被甲省乙市一审法院判决无期徒刑,被告人没有上诉,检察院也没有抗诉,案件生效后,发现本案一审法院审判人员有收受贿赂的情况,问如果要启动审判监督程序,下列哪一机关无权启动审判监督程序?()
(2010年)下列关于盈亏平衡点的说法中,错误的是()。
在()范围内,公路运输可以替代铁路运输。
下列关于团结互助的表述中,你认为正确的是()。
抗日民主根据地是认真贯彻和实现中国共产党全面抗战路线、坚持抗战和争取胜利的坚强阵地。中国共产党高度重视抗日民主根据地的政权建设,其主要举措有()
最新回复
(
0
)