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  3. In the relationship of education to business we observe today a fine state of paradox. On the one hand, the emphasis which most

In the relationship of education to business we observe today a fine state of paradox. On the one hand, the emphasis which most

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问题     In the relationship of education to business we observe today a fine state of paradox. On the one hand, the emphasis which most business places upon a college degree is so great that one can almost visualize the time when even the office boy will have his baccalaureate. On the other hand, we seem to preserve the belief that some deep intellectual chasm separates the businessman from other products of the university system. The notion that business people are quite the Philistines sounds absurd. For some reason, we tend to characterize vocations by stereotypes, none too flattering but nonetheless deeply imbedded in the national conscience. In the cast of characters the businessman comes on stage as a ill-mannered and simple-minded person. It is not a pleasant conception and no more truthful or less unpleasant than our other stereotypes.
    Business is made up of people with all kinds of backgrounds, all kinds of motivations, and all kinds of tastes, just as in any other form of human endeavour. Businessmen are not mobile balance sheets and profit statements, but perfectly normal human beings, subject to whatever strengths, frailties, and limitations characterize man on the earth. They are people grouped together in organizations designed to complement the weakness of one with strength of another, tempering the exuberance of the young with the caution of the more mature, the poetic soarings of one mind with the counting house realism of another. Any disfigurement which society may suffer will come from man himself, not from the particular vocation to which he devotes his time.
    Any group of people necessarily represents an approach to a common one, and it is probably true that even individually they tend to conform somewhat to the general pattern. Many have pointed out the danger of engulfing our original thinkers in a tide of mediocrity. Conformity is not any more prevalent or any more exacting in the business field than it is in any other. It is a characteristic of all organizations of whatever nature. The fact is the large business unit provides greater opportunities for individuality and requires less in the way of conformity than other institutions of comparable size — the government, or the academic world, or certainly the military.  
The word "Philistines" (Line 5, Para. 1) most probably means
选项 A、intellectuals.
B、those who are sophisticated.
C、those who are ungraceful.
D、those who are uneducated.
答案D
解析 语义理解题。根据题干信息将答案定位在第一段第四句The notion that business people are quite the Philistines sounds absurd。要理解Philistines的意思，就要从上下文中寻找对这句话的解释。第一段倒数第二句举了商人在舞台上的形象为例，在舞台上出现的商人的形象总是ill-mannered and simple-minded person(不懂礼貌且头脑简单的人)。所给的四个选项中，首先排除[A]intellectuals“知识分子”，这与原文意思相反。[B]“复杂的人”也不是作者所表达的意思。而[C]ungraceful“不懂礼貌的，下流的”只对应了i1l-man-nered，所以不全面。[D]uneducated“无教养的”则同时包含了“不懂礼貌”和“头脑简单”双重意思。所以，本题答案为[D]。
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