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  3. With obesity now affecting 29% of the population in England, and expected to rise to 35% by 2030, should we now recognise it as

With obesity now affecting 29% of the population in England, and expected to rise to 35% by 2030, should we now recognise it as

admin2022-03-23  156
问题     With obesity now affecting 29% of the population in England, and expected to rise to 35% by 2030, should we now recognise it as a disease? Obesity, in which excess body fat has accumulated to such an extent that health may be adversely affected, meets the dictionary definition of disease, argues Professor John Wilding. He points out that more than 200 genes influence weight. "Thus body weight is strongly influenced by biology—it is not an individual’s fault if they develop obesity." Yet the widespread view is that obesity is self-induced and that it is entirely the individual’s responsibility to do something about it. Recognising obesity as a chronic disease with severe complications rather than a lifestyle choice "should help reduce the stigma (耻辱) and discrimination experienced by many people with obesity," he adds.
    Professor Wilding disagrees that labelling a high proportion of the population as having a disease removes personal responsibility or may overwhelm health services, pointing out that other common diseases, such as high blood pressure and diabetes, require people to take action to manage their condition. He suggests that most people with obesity will eventually develop complications. "But unless we accept that obesity is a disease, we are not going to be able to tackle it," he concludes.
    But Dr.   Richard Pile, a physician with a special interest in diabetes, argues that adopting this approach "could actually result in worse outcomes for individuals and society." He believes that the dictionary definition of disease "is so vague that we can classify almost anything as a disease" and says the question is not whether we can, but whether we should, and to what end.
    If labelling obesity as a disease was harmless then it wouldn’t really matter, he writes. But labelling obesity as a disease "risks reducing autonomy, disempowering and robbing people of the intrinsic (内在的) motivation that is such an important enabler of change." What’s more, making obesity a disease "may not benefit patients, but it will benefit healthcare providers and the pharmaceutical (制药的) industry when health insurance and clinical guidelines promote treatment with drugs and surgery," he warns.
Why are some people opposed to labelling obesity as a disease?
选项 A、Obese people would not feel responsible to take any action.
B、Obese people would not be able to afford the medical costs.
C、Obese people would be overwhelmed with anxiety.
D、Obese people would be discriminated against.
答案A
解析 细节辨认题。定位句提到，将较高比例的人口贴上患病的标签会使个人责任消失，或者可能使医疗服务不堪重负，怀尔丁教授不同意这一观点。反过来说，人们反对将肥胖列为疾病，就是认为这样做的话会让肥胖者认为自己没有责任，不需采取任何行动，故答案为A)。B)“肥胖的人负担不起医疗费用”与C)“肥胖的人会被焦虑压倒”在原文中均未提及，因此排除；原文第一段最后一句提到，将肥胖列为疾病有助于减少肥胖者遭受的歧视，虽然D)的意思与原文内容相符，但是与题干不符，故排除。
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