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  3. It would be difficult to have a society like ours without public goods such as defense, transportation, and other services.

It would be difficult to have a society like ours without public goods such as defense, transportation, and other services.

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问题     It would be difficult to have a society like ours without public goods such as defense, transportation, and other services.
    A public good is one that a person can use without reducing the use of it for another person. One of the best examples of a public good is national defense. One person can benefit from our national defense without reducing another person’s benefits. In fact, it is difficult to keep any person in our society from enjoying the benefits of national defense.
    The market system does not work well in producing public goods. This is because a person who refuses to pay for a public good cannot be kept from using it. Suppose that the neighbors in a high crime area decide to hire a police force. Each neighbor, except Mrs. Smith, agrees to pay $ 100 a year for it. Mrs. Smith refuses to pay because she knows that if all the others pay the $ 100, the police will guard the area anyway. So Mrs. Smith can enjoy the services of the police force without paying $ 100.
    The market system has no way to deal with this type of problem. For this reason, we cannot ask each person to make a direct payment in the form of product price. Therefore, we collect money for public goods by using taxes
The writer gives the example of national defense in paragraph 2 in order to show that______.
选项 A、there will be no safety if there is no national defense
B、all the people should be responsible for national defense
C、a public good is a shared benefit for the whole society
D、some public goods are more important than others
答案C
解析 该题为典型例子作用型题目，此类题目的答案均不会是例子本身，而会从其前面的定论性话语中得出。因此，此题的答案应该是对第二段段首句的压缩改写，即C)。而A)、B)两个选项中包含了例子中的关键词national defense，是明显的干扰项。D)项进行了比较，而原文并无比较之意，亦为干扰项。
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本试题收录于： 浙江省大学英语三级题库大学英语三级分类
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