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  3. Self-esteem is the collection of beliefs or feelings we have about ourselves, our "self-perceptions. " How we define ourselves i

Self-esteem is the collection of beliefs or feelings we have about ourselves, our "self-perceptions. " How we define ourselves i

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问题     Self-esteem is the collection of beliefs or feelings we have about ourselves, our "self-perceptions. " How we define ourselves influences our motivations, attitudes, and behaviors and affects our emotional adjustment.
    Patterns of self-esteem start very early in life. For example, a toddler who reaches a milestone experiences a sense of accomplishment that bolsters self-esteem. Learning to roll over after dozens of unsuccessful attempts teaches a baby a "can-do" attitude.
    The concept of success following persistence starts early. As kids try, fail, try again, fail again, and then finally succeed, they develop ideas about their own capabilities. At the same time, they’re creating a self-concept based on interactions with other people. This is why parental involvement is important to helping kids form accurate, healthy self-perceptions.
    Self-esteem fluctuates as kids grow. It’s frequently changed and fine-tuned, because it is affected by a child’s experiences and new perceptions. So it helps to be aware of the signs of both healthy and unhealthy self-esteem. Kids with low self-esteem may not want to try new things, and may frequently speak negatively about themselves. They tend to be overly critical of and easily disappointed in themselves. Kids with low self-esteem see temporary setbacks as permanent, intolerable conditions, and a sense of pessimism predominates. Kids with healthy self-esteem tend to enjoy interacting with others. They’re comfortable in social settings and enjoy group activities as well as independent pursuits. When challenges arise, they can work toward finding solutions and voice discontent without belittling themselves or others.
    How can a parent help to foster healthy self-esteem in a child? Kids who don’t feel safe or are abused at home will suffer immensely from low self-esteem. A child who is exposed to parents who fight and argue repeatedly may become depressed and withdrawn. Also watch for signs of abuse by others, problems in school, trouble with peers, and other factors that may affect kids’ self-esteem. Deal with these issues sensitively but swiftly. And always remember to respect your kids.
    If you suspect your child has low self-esteem, consider doing something about it. Family and child counselors can work to uncover underlying issues that prevent a child from feeling good about him or herself. Therapy can help kids learn to view themselves and the world positively. When kids see themselves in a more realistic light, they can accept who they truly are. With a little help, every child can develop healthy self-esteem for a happier, more fulfilling life.
The suggestion provided in paragraph 5 is______.
选项 A、identify and redirect your child’s inaccurate beliefs
B、create a safe, nurturing home environment
C、be spontaneous and affectionate
D、help kids become involved in constructive experiences
答案B
解析 段落主旨题；题目明确指向第五段。阅读第五段，我们可以发现此段落讲述的是家庭环境的问题，经常争吵的父母对孩子有什么影响，当孩子遇到其他孩子的欺负等问题时，家长应该如何应对，这些问题其实都是在关注家庭环境对孩子自信心的影响，比较4个选项，B选项表达的意思和我们的分析是一致的，也是对第五段内容的正确概括。
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考研英语一

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