2. 外语
  3. The "standard of living" of any country means the average person’s share of the goods and services which the country produce. A

The "standard of living" of any country means the average person’s share of the goods and services which the country produce. A

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问题     The "standard of living" of any country means the average person’s share of the goods and services which the country produce. A country’s standard of living, therefore, depends first and foremost on its capacity to pro- duce wealth. "Wealth" in this sense is not money, for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy, "goods" such as food and clothing, and "services" such as transport and entertainment.
    A country’s capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of which have an effect on one another, Wealth depends to a great extent upon a country’s natural resources, such as coal, gold, and other minerals, water supply and so on.      Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have a fertile soil and a favorable climate other regions possess none of them. The USA is one of the wealthiest regions of the world because she has vast natural resources within her borders, her soil is fertile, and her climate is varied. The Sahara desert, on the other hand is one of the least wealthy.
    Next to natural resources comes the ability to turn them to use sound and stable political conditions, and freedom from foreign invasion, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country equally well served by natural but less well ordered. Another important factor is the technical efficiency a country’s people. Old countries that have, though many centuries, trained up numerous skilled craftsman and technicians are better placed to produce wealth than countries whose workers are largely unskilled. Wealth also produce wealth. As a country becomes wealthier, its people have a large margin for saving, and can put their savings into factories and machines which will help workers to produce more goods in their working day.
    A country’s standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced and consumed with—in its own borders, but also upon what is indirectly produced through international trade. For example. Britain’s wealth in foodstuffs and other agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend only on those grown at home. (Trade makes it possible for her surplus manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products that would otherwise be lacking.) A country’s wealth is, therefore, much influenced by its manufacturing capacity, provided that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures.
The main idea of the second paragraph is that ______.
选项 A、the USA is one of the richest countries in the world
B、the Sahara desert is a very poor region
C、a country’s wealth depends on many factors
D、natural resources are an important factor in the wealth or poverty of a country
答案D
解析 此题为主旨题。第二段的主旨为自然资源是决定一个国家贫富的重要因素，应选D。选项A和B中提到的美国和撒哈拉沙漠只是论证观点时举证的例子而已。答案C文中提到过，但并不是本段的主要意思。
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大学英语四级

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