2. 外语
  3. 相声(crosstalk)是中国传统的喜剧(comedic)表演形式，开始于明清时期，盛行于当代。一般由两名表演者完成，主要以说笑话或幽默的对话来引观众发笑。相声强调说、学、逗、唱这四项技能，语言一般富于双关和影射(pun and illusion)。相声

相声(crosstalk)是中国传统的喜剧(comedic)表演形式，开始于明清时期，盛行于当代。一般由两名表演者完成，主要以说笑话或幽默的对话来引观众发笑。相声强调说、学、逗、唱这四项技能，语言一般富于双关和影射(pun and illusion)。相声

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问题     相声(crosstalk)是中国传统的喜剧(comedic)表演形式，开始于明清时期，盛行于当代。一般由两名表演者完成，主要以说笑话或幽默的对话来引观众发笑。相声强调说、学、逗、唱这四项技能，语言一般富于双关和影射(pun and illusion)。相声是中国最受欢迎的表演艺术之一，主要用北京话讲，流行于中国北方。相声以其精湛的内容和独特的艺术形式，成为一种优秀的民族艺术。但进入新世纪以来，相声的影响力逐渐减弱，它的主流地位逐渐被其他的表演形式所取代。
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答案Crosstalk is a traditional Chinese comedic performance which started from the Ming and Qing Dynasties and prevails in contemporary age. Commonly played by two performers, it tries to amuse audiences mainly by telling jokes or presenting humorous talks. Crosstalk emphasizes the four basic skills of speaking, imitating, teasing and singing, and the language is usually rich in puns and allusions. As one of the most popular performing arts, crosstalk is typically performed in the Beijing dialect and well received in the north of China. The exquisite content and the peculiar art form make crosstalk an outstanding national art. However, the influence of crosstalk has gradually decreased after stepping into the new century, because of which its dominant role has been replaced by other forms of performance.
解析 1．第一句由三个分句组成，可将“相声是中国传统的喜剧表演形式”视为主句；后面两个分句可采用which引导的定语从句来表达，“开始于”和“盛行于”处理为从句的并列谓语。
2．第二句也由两个分句组成，可将“主要以说笑话或幽默的对话来引观众发笑”确定为主句，此部分由于汉语原句中没有体现主语，所以翻译时可增译it，代替“相声”，主干结构为“它引观众发笑”，后接“by+现在分词”结构，说明方式；“一般由两名表演者完成”采用过去分词短语作状语来表达，置于主句之前。
3． “相声是中国……流行于北方”这句由三个分句组成，可将后两个分句合并作为英文的主干crosstalk isperformed．．．and well received．．．；“相声是中国最受欢迎的表演艺术之一”可翻译为“as+名词短语”结构，说明相声的地位。
4．“相声以其精湛的……民族艺术”，翻译时可将“精湛的内容”和“独特的艺术形式”作为主语，谓语可理解为“使其成为”。
5．最后一句中可将“相声的影响力逐渐减弱”确定为主句；“相声的主流地位逐渐被其他的表演形式所取代”可理解为前句“相声影响力减弱”的结果，用because of which引导定语从句。
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