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  3. The newborn can see the difference between various shapes and patterns from birth. He prefers patterns for dull or bright solid

The newborn can see the difference between various shapes and patterns from birth. He prefers patterns for dull or bright solid

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问题     The newborn can see the difference between various shapes and
patterns from birth. He prefers patterns for dull or bright solid colors【S1】______
and looks longer at stripes and angles than at circular patterns.
Within three weeks, however, his preference shifts dramatic to the【S2】______
human face.
    Why should a baby with so little visual experience attend more
to human face than to any other kind of pattern? Some scientists【S3】______
think this preference represents a built-in advantage for the human
species. The object in prime importance to the physically helpless【S4】______
infant is a human being. Babies seem to have a natural tendency to
the human face as potentially awarding. Researchers also point out【S5】______
that the newborn wisely relies more on pattern than on outline, size,
or color. Pattern remains stable, and outline changes with point of【S6】______
view; size, with distance from an object; and brightness and color,
with lighting. Mothers have always claimed that they could see their
newborns looking at them as they held them, despite what they have【S7】______
told. The experts who thought that perception had to await physical
development and the consequence of action were wrong for several
reasons. Earlier research techniques were less sophisticated than
what they are today. Physical skills were once used to indicate【S8】______
perception of objects—skills like visual tracking and reaching for an
object, both of them the newborn does poorly. Then, too,【S9】______
assumptions that the newborn’s eyes and brain was too immature for【S10】______
anything as sophisticated as pattern recognition caused opposing
data to be thrown away. Since perception of form was widely
believed to follow perception of more "basic" qualities such as color
and brightness, the possibility of its presence from birth was
rejected.
【S7】
选项
答案have∧一been
解析 语态错误。what后面的they指代的是newborns，和told是动宾关系，故使用被动语态。
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