首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
By 1950, the results of attempts to relate brain processes to mental experience appeared rather discouraging. Such variations in
By 1950, the results of attempts to relate brain processes to mental experience appeared rather discouraging. Such variations in
admin
2013-05-11
90
问题
By 1950, the results of attempts to relate brain processes to mental experience appeared rather discouraging. Such variations in size, shape, chemistry, conduction speed, excitation threshold, and the like as had been demonstrated in nerve cells remained negligible in significance for any possible correlation with the manifold dimensions of mental experience.
Near the turn of the century, it had been suggested by Hering that different modes of sensation, such as pain, taste, and color, might be correlated with the discharge of specific kinds of nervous energy. However, subsequently developed methods of recording and analyzing nerve potentials failed to reveal any such qualitative diversity. It was possible to demonstrate by other methods refined structural differences among neuron types; however, proof was lacking that the quality of the impulse or its conduction was influenced by these differences, which seemed instead to influence the developmental patterning of the neural circuits. Although qualitative variance among nerve energies was never rigidly disproved, the doctrine was generally abandoned in favor of the opposing view, namely, that nerve impulses were essentially homogeneous in quality and were transmitted as "common currency" throughout the nervous system. According to his theory, it is not the quality of the sensory nerve impulses that determines the diverse conscious sensations they produce, but rather the different areas of the brain into which they discharge, and there is some evidence for this view. In one experiment, when an electric stimulus was applied to a given sensory field of the cerebral cortex of a conscious human subject, it produced a sensation of the appropriate modality for that particular locus, that is, a visual sensation from the visual cortex, an auditory sensation from the auditory cortex, and so on. Other experiments revealed slight variations in the size, number, arrangement, and interconnection of the nerve cells, but as far as psychoneural correlations were concerned, the obvious similarities of these sensory fields to each other seemed much more remarkable than any of the minute differences.
However, cortical locus, in itself, turned out to have little explanatory value. Studies showed that sensations as diverse as those of red, black, green, and white, or touch, cold, warmth, movement, pain, cortical areas. What seemed to remain was some kind of differential patterning effects in the brain excitation., it is the difference in the central distribution of impulses that counts. In short, brain theory suggested a correlation between mental experience and the activity of relatively homogeneous nerve cell units conducting essentially homogeneous impulses through homogeneous cerebral tissue. To match the multiple dimensions of mental experience psychologists could only point to a limitless variation in the spatiotemporal patterning of nerve impulses.
The author’s purpose of writing this article is to present the historical view of ______.
选项
A、the developmental patterning of the neural circuits
B、the sensory field of the cerebral cortex
C、variations in size, shape, chemistry, conduction speed of nerve pulses
D、physiological correlates of mental experience
答案
D
解析
主旨判断题。作者开篇就说:到1950年,试图将大脑运动过程与精神经验联系到一起的研究结果相当令人泄气,接着又讲随着时间的推移这一研究的情况,所以本文是从历史的角度讲精神经验的生理关联。因此,D项与原文相符,为正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://www.kaotiyun.com/show/9HQK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Salt,shellsormetalsarestillusedasmoneyinout-of-the-waypartsoftheworldtoday.Saltmayseemratherastrange【C1】___
Easternmedicinesarebecomingmorepopularinthewest,butfewpeoplerealizehowlongthetwocultureshaveexchangedideas.
Decidewhichofthechoicesgivenbelowwouldbestcompletethepassageifinsertedinthecorrespondingblanks.Mostworthw
WhenIwasachildinBrainItaly,hardlyanymothershadajob,grandmotherslivedwiththeirchildrenandgrandchildren,and
WriteonANSWERSHEETTWOanoteofabout50-60wordsbasedonthefollowingsituation:Becauseofyourcarelessnessyoulos
MembersofthepartyallappreciateJackson’swantingtohelpthem_____theirdifficulties.
WhatdoestheweatherprobablylikeinMexico?
Teachersneedtobeawareoftheemotional,intellectual,andphysicalchangesthatyoungadultsexperience.Andtheyalsoneed
Weallenjoyourfreedomofchoiceanddonotliketoseeit______whenitiswithinthelegalandmoralboundariesofsociety.
Therearemeansbywhichtheconstitutionhasbeen______oversolongatimetotheneedsofachangingsociety.
随机试题
A.荡涤积滞B.泻热逐瘀C.通因通用D.以泻代清(2008年第101,102题)凉膈散中配伍大黄意在()
要有效地实现系统安全目标,不能仅仅关注某些环节的防范能力,更重要的是要全面地分析信息系统的安全隐患,发现漏洞和“__________”,使其性能获得改善。
一般情况下,二次衬砌的施作应在满足下列要求时进行()。
( )是指当年国债发行额占当年财政支出的比重。
下列属于节水措施的是()。
设备性能验收过程中,监理工程师应当签发“设备初步验收证书”的情况包括( )。
学前阶段美的启蒙取在培养儿童()。
一、注意事项1.申论考试是对应试者分析驾驭材料能力、解决问题能力、言语表达能力的测试。2.作答参考时限:阅读资料40分钟,作答110分钟。3.仔细阅读给定资料,然后按作答要求依次作答,答案书写在指定的位置。二、给定资
设n维向量α1,α2,α3满足α1—2α2+3α3=0,对任意的n维向量β,向量组α1+αβ,α2+bβ,α3线性相关,则参数a,b应满足条件()
TheUniversityBookstoreisaself-supportinguniversity-ownedorganization,whichwasfoundedin1921.Itprovidesstudents,fa
最新回复
(
0
)