2. 外语
  3. •Look at the statements below and the comments on change management on the opposite page. •Which section(A，B，C or D)does each s

•Look at the statements below and the comments on change management on the opposite page. •Which section(A，B，C or D)does each s

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问题 •Look at the statements below and the comments on change management on the opposite page.
•Which section(A，B，C or D)does each statement 1-7 refer to?
•For each statement 1-7，mark one letter(A，B，C or D)．
•You will need to use some of these letters more than once．
   A．For over three decades，academics，managers，and consultants，realizing that transforming organizations is difficult，have analyzed the subject．They’ve sung the praises of leaders who communicate vision and walk the talk in order to make change efforts succeed．They’ve sanctified the importance of changing organizational culture and employees’attitudes．They’ve teased out the tensions between top-down transformation efforts and participatory approaches to change．Still，studies show that in most organizations，two out of three transformation initiatives fail．   
B．Each manager looks at an initiative from his or her viewpoint and，based on personal experience，focuses on different success factors．The experts，too，offer different perspectives．A recent search for books on ‘change and management’ turned up 6，153 titles，each with a distinct take on the topic. Those ideas have a lot to offer，but take together，they force companies to tackle many priorities simultaneously，which spreads resource sand skills thin.   
C．Someofthehardfactorsthataffectatransformationinitiativearethetimenecessarytocompleteit，the number of people required to execute it，and the financial results that intended actions are expected to achieve. The research shows that change projects fail to get off the ground when companies neglect the hard factors. That doesn’t mean that executives can ignore the soft elements；that would be a grave mistake. However. If companies don’t pay attention to the hard issues first，transformation programs will break down before the soft elements come into play.   
D．Companies assume that the longer an initiative carries on. The more likely it is to fail—the early impetus will peter out，windows of opportunity will close，objectives will be forgotten，key supporters will leave or lose their enthusiasm，and problems will accumulate. However，contrary to popular perception, along project that is reviewed frequently is more likely to succeed than a short project that isn’t reviewed frequently. Thus，the time between reviews is more critical for success than a project’s life span.  
the diversity in observing the initiative of change in companies
选项
答案B
解析 从B篇第一、第二两句“Each manager looks at an initiative from his or her viewpoint and, based on personal experience, focuses on different success factors. The expeas, too, offer different perspectives. ”可知管理者和专家都对变革的主动性有着千差万别的看法。第三句“A recent search for books on‘change and management’turned up 6，1 53 titles，each with a distinct take on the topic. ”则用数字说明关于“change and management”这一主题的文章有如此之多(6，153)，而每篇观点又不尽相同。此句中的“take”作名词，本意是指电影电视拍摄时的一个个镜头，这里指观点。因此，B为正确选项。  
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