2. 外语
  3. When I appeared before you on a previous occasion, I had seen nothing of American art save the Doric columns and Corinthian chim

When I appeared before you on a previous occasion, I had seen nothing of American art save the Doric columns and Corinthian chim

admin2011-02-11  75
问题   When I appeared before you on a previous occasion, I had seen nothing of American art save the Doric columns and Corinthian chimney-pots visible on your Broadway and Fifth Avenue. I find that what your people need is not so much high imaginative art but that which hallows the vessels of everyday use.
  I suppose that the poet will sing and the artist will paint regardless whether the world praises or blames. He has his own world and is independent of his fellow-men. But the handicraftsman is dependent on your pleasure and opinion. He needs your encouragement and he must have beautiful surroundings. Your people love art but do not sufficiently honor the handicraftsman. I find one great trouble all over is that your workmen are not given to noble designs. You cannot be indifferent to this, because art is not something which you can take or leave. It is a necessity of human life.
  And what is the meaning of this beautiful decoration which we call art? In the first place, it means value to the workman and it means the pleasure which he must necessarily take in making a beautiful thing. The mark of all good art is not that the thing done is done exactly or finely, for machinery may do as much, but that it is worked out with the head and the workman’s heart. I cannot impress the point too frequently that beautiful and rational designs are necessary in all work. I did not imagine, until I went into some of your simpler cities, that there was so much bad work done. I found bad wall-papers horribly designed, and colored carpets, and that old offender the horse-hair sofa, whose stolid look of indifference is always so depressing. I found meaningless chandeliers and machine-made furniture. I came across the small iron stove which they always persist in decorating with machine-made ornaments, and which is as great a bore as a wet day or any other particularly dreadful institution.
  It must always be remembered that what is well and carefully made by an honest workman, after a rational design, increases in beauty and value as the years go on. The old furniture brought over by the Pilgrims, two hundred years ago, which I saw in New England, is just as good and as beautiful today as it was when it first came here. Now, what you must do is to bring artists and handicraftsmen together. Handicraftsmen cannot live, certainly cannot thrive, without such companionship. Separate these two and you rob art of all spiritual motive.
Having done this, you must place your workman in the midst of beautiful surroundings. The artist is not dependent on the visible and the tangible. He has his visions and his dreams to feed on. But the workman must see lovely forms as he goes to his work in the morning and returns at eventide. And, in connection with this, I want to assure you that noble and beautiful designs are never the result of idle fancy or purposeless day-dreaming. They come only as the accumulation of habits of long and delightful observation. And yet such things may not be taught. Right ideas concerning them can certainly be obtained only by those who have been accustomed to rooms that are beautiful and colors that are satisfying.  
According to the passage, an artist is different from a handicraftsman in that ______.
选项 A、the former is more beautiful than the latter
B、the latter is more independent than the former
C、the latter is more honored than the former
D、the former is more imaginative than the latter
答案D
解析 艺术家和工匠的差异是：The handicraftsman．．．must have beautiful surroundings(第一段)，The artist is not dependent on the visible and the tangible．He has his visions and his dreams to feed on．But the workman must see lovely forms as he goes to his work in the morning and returns at eventide．(最后一段)，言下之意就是艺术家比工匠更有想象力。
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