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  3. The relentless march of technology into everyday life has always given rise to debate about whether it is a good or a bad thing.

The relentless march of technology into everyday life has always given rise to debate about whether it is a good or a bad thing.

admin2014-09-05  99
问题     The relentless march of technology into everyday life has always given rise to debate about whether it is a good or a bad thing. Some believe that the Internet and computer software are making humans more stupid or shallow. But others argue that computer programs in the form of video games can make people smarter or improve specific skills, such as spatial awareness.
    Shawn Green and Alexandre Pouget, from the University of Rochester, in New York state, set out to find an answer. Their study, reported in Current Biology, involved a number of experiments. In one,the participants had to watch 12 dots moving randomly on a screen and quickly assess their aggregate direction of movement. Another test asked participants to work out the direction of specific sounds embedded within stereo white noise. In both tests the video-gamers did better. However, the scientists were aware that gamers could have been born with improved abilities to perform such tasks,which were possibly what attracted them to gaming in the first place. Consequently, a third test was necessary to see if these abilities could have been learnt.
    The non-gaming volunteers were put through 50 hours of video-game training. For some this involved playing fast-action shoot-’em-up games such as " Call of Duty 2 " and " Unreal Tournament" , but others were given a slow-moving life-strategy game, "The Sims 2". The researchers found that those trained with action games raised their performance to the level of the experienced gamers. Moreover, they were more efficient in their use of visual or auditory evidence than those playing with the Sims.
    The researchers conclude that fast action video-games players develop an enhanced sensitivity to what is going on around them and that this may help with activities such as multitasking, driving, reading small print, navigation and keeping track of friends or children in a crowd. The precise neural mechanism for this effect, however, is still unknown.
    What is known is that people make decisions based on probabilities that are constantly being calculated and refined in their heads—something called "probabilistic inference". The brain collects small pieces of information, eventually gathering enough to make an accurate decision. When driving a car, for example, many probabilities will be collated to make decisions such as whether or not to brake. The more efficient someone is at collecting visual and auditory information, the faster he can reach the threshold needed to make a decision.
    Shawn Green, Alexandre Pouget suggest that reaction times in the population will probably improve with the rise of fast-action video-games. There are a lot of players: last year a report estimated that 67% of American households contained at least one video-gamer. And if video-gamers are really better equipped to make quick decisions, they might also turn out to be better drivers and end up in fewer accidents. However, the notion that gamers acquire some minor physical skills may not pacify concerned parents. What,after all,of the skills they are not acquiring when shooting virtual cops instead of reading or talking?
It can be inferred from the text that______.
选项 A、the improvement of average reaction time of American is oweing to fast-action video game playing
B、accute perception of surrounding information is essential to human being’s survival in this society
C、more and more Americans will be advocated to play fast-action video games because it can help to reduce accidents on roads
D、not all video games will lead to better perceptual skills
答案A
解析 这是一道综合性推理引申题。[A]正确，从第三个实验就可以知道，除了快速动作游戏外，还有慢速战略游戏，后者对于提升人们的感知能力作用不明显。[B]夸大其词，对周围信息的迅速感知能提高人们某方面的能力，但是这些能力并非对人在社会上的生存至关重要。[C]、[D]偷梁换柱，将实验者的猜测变为了一种肯定的事实。
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