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  3. There is a measurable relation between how much a person learns and his attitude toward the subject to be learned. When faced wi

There is a measurable relation between how much a person learns and his attitude toward the subject to be learned. When faced wi

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问题    There is a measurable relation between how much a person learns and his attitude toward the subject to be learned. When faced with a difficult learning task, one path to success is to concentrate on the positive aspects of the subject matter. If a student has a boring teacher, one solution is to look for the positive aspects of completing the course, regardless of how boring the teacher happens to be. To accomplish this might require a private tutor or some independent reading, but with the right attitude, success is possible.
   Over-achievers—students who do better than their test scores show—usually have a positive interest in learning. They may learn some things more slowly, and they may make more efforts, but, to compensate(补偿), they are often better at applying what they have learned. As long as they do not have emotional problems, they are successful.
   Under-achievers—those who function below their ability shown by test scores—often tend to allow a few negative factors to affect them. Because of their negative attitudes, they sometimes become unfairly critical of teachers. They allow themselves to get bored when it is not necessary. In short, their attitudes often cause them to learn less than over-achievers.
   If you learn to replace a negative attitude toward learning with something more positive, you are on the road to achieving almost any goal you desire. For example, if you realize a personal computer with a word processor would improve your performance, but have an attitude that keeps telling you that a computer is difficult to operate, you tend to make all kinds of excuses. In short, you resist making full use of a terrific tool, simply because your negative attitude prevents you from learning.
The underlined phrase "function below their ability shown by test scores" means the under-achievers ______.
选项 A、often get low scores in tests
B、do worse in actual learning than in tests
C、usually do better in tests than the over-achievers
D、are always slow in learning and have to make more efforts
答案B
解析 分析该短语结构可知，shown by test scores作后置定语修饰ability；function意为“运行，活动”，在此处可将其延伸为“学习表现”。因此，该短语意为“学习表现并没有成绩反映的那么好”，与B项所表达的意思相同。
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