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  3. What’s the engine that drives American business? Innovation? Sweat? Capital? Try coffee. From the shop floor to the boardroom, J

What’s the engine that drives American business? Innovation? Sweat? Capital? Try coffee. From the shop floor to the boardroom, J

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问题     What’s the engine that drives American business? Innovation? Sweat? Capital? Try coffee. From the shop floor to the boardroom, Java—and I don’t mean the soft ware—fuels workers and shapes office culture. What’s more, a steaming cup of coffee may be as good for your health as it is for the bottom line.
    Many people take their coffee with a small dose of guilt, worried that it isn’t good for the body. That’s a misunderstanding from studies done in the 1950s and 1960s showing that coffee drinkers were prone to heart disease and other sufferings. These studies failed to account for cigarette smoking, which once went hand in cup with coffee drinking. Since then, the medical community has done a gradual turn on the health effects of coffee.
    Large, long-term studies show that coffee doesn’t promote cancer and may even protect against some types. It’s safe for the heart—so safe that the American Heart Association says it’s OK for heart attack survivors to have a cup or two a day even as they recover in the coronary care unit. Results from the long-running Health Professionals Follow-Up and Nurses’ Health studies show that drinking coffee cuts the risk of dying early from a heart attack or stroke.
    It’s possible that the bean improves productivity, too. A bit of caffeine wakes up millions of workers in the morning. Controlled laboratory experiments indicate that it causes feelings of well-being and increases energy, alertness, and motivation. Functional MRI scans show that coffee activates parts of the brain involved in short-term memory, the kind that helps focus attention on tasks at hand.
    For all that, a word of warning is in order. The average cup of coffee serves up about 100 milligrams of caffeine, and a large specialty coffee can deliver five times that much. If you aren’t used to caffeine, it can make you restless, boost your blood pressure, and dehydrate you. But the biggest health hazard is the extra stuff that drinkers add to coffee. Taken black, coffee is a nearly calorie-free beverage full of antioxidants and other vegetable nutrients. Add cream, sugar, fresh cream, and flavorings, and it turns into a fat- and calorie-laden dessert, which can add pounds that offset any possible health benefits. For most people, though, the health and social benefits of coffee outweigh the hazards, and the daily grind keeps American business spreading.
It can be learned from the last paragraph that ________.
选项 A、we should not encourage drinking coffee
B、black coffee is healthy and caffeine-free
C、coffee is regarded as a high-fat food
D、the extra stuff added to coffee does much harm
答案D
解析 根据题干定位到文章最后一段。该段主要谈论咖啡的害处。其中第三句描述咖啡对于咖啡过敏人士可能带来的伤害，而第四句用表转折的but一词进一步表明最大的健康危害其实是人们往咖啡中额外添加的材料 (the extra stuff that drinkers add to coffee)，D项与此相符。文中虽然列了咖啡可能带来的坏处，但最后一句还是强调了咖啡的健康和社会功效远大于危害 (benefits of coffee outweigh the hazards)，说明还是鼓励喝咖啡的，A项错误地揣摩了作者的意图。该段第五句谈到黑咖啡，B项中的caffeine-free“不含咖啡因”与该句中的calorie-free“不含热量”不一致。C项属于信息错误，只有加了奶油、糖、鲜乳酪及调味料之后的咖啡才是高脂高热的甜食，咖啡本身并非高脂食品。
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考研英语二

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