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  3. Our country has become a society of employees. A hundred years or so ago only one out of every five Americans at work was employ

Our country has become a society of employees. A hundred years or so ago only one out of every five Americans at work was employ

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问题     Our country has become a society of employees. A hundred years or so ago only one out of every five Americans at work was employed, i.e. , worked for somebody else. Today only one out of five is not employed but working for himself. And when fifty years ago "being employed" meant working as a factory laborer or as a farmhand, the employee of today is increasingly a middle-class person with a substantial formal education, holding a professional or management job requiring intellectual and technical skills. Indeed, two things have characterized American society during these last fifty years: middle-class employees have been the fastest-growing groups in our working population—growing so fast mat the industrial worker, the oldest child of the Industrial Revolution, has been losing in numerical importance despite the expansion of industrial production.
    Yet you will find little on what it is to be an employee. You can find a great deal of very dubious advice on how to get a job or how to get a promotion. You can also find a good deal of work in a chosen field, whether it be the mechanist’s trade or book keeping. Every one of these trades requires different skills, sets different standards, and requires a different preparation. Yet they all have employeeship in common.
    And increasingly, especially in the large business or in the government, employeeship is more important to success than the special professional knowledge or skill. Certainly more people fail because they do not know the requirements of being an employee than because they do not adequately possess the skills of their trade: the higher you climb the ladder, the more you get into administrative or executive work, the greater the emphasis on ability to work within the organization rather than on technical abilities or professional knowledge.
It is implied that fifty years ago______.
选项 A、eighty percent of American working people were employed in factories
B、twenty percent of American intellectuals were employees
C、the status of employees was pretty high
D、the employees were not as skilled and qualified as that of today
答案D
解析 由文中第一段得知，五十年前的雇员基本上在工厂或农田里工作，而今天的雇员都是接受正式教育并且具备专业技能的。
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