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  3. Perhaps the most spectacular feature of the Grand Canyon, its Redwall limestone cliff, stands about half way up the chasm and is

Perhaps the most spectacular feature of the Grand Canyon, its Redwall limestone cliff, stands about half way up the chasm and is

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问题     Perhaps the most spectacular feature of the Grand Canyon, its Redwall limestone cliff, stands about half way up the chasm and is practically vertical. Its average height is 550 feet—almost exactly that of the Washington Monument. Though it is actually gray-blue limestone, the surface of the cliff has been stained to a sunset hue by iron salts washing out of the rocks. Above the Redwall come alternating layers of red sandstone and shale 1,000 feet thick, then comes the next pale-blue layer. The topmost layers are a yellowish limestone.
    Though the two rims face each other across only 12 miles, it is a journey of 214 miles by car from one to the other. Nor can you visit the North Rim except in summer; some 1,200 feet higher than the South Rim, it is snow covered much of the year except in July and August.
    But there is no day that you may not visit the South Rim and find the sun warm on your face and the air perfumed with the incense of smoke from an Indian hearth. The Grand Canyon is an unearthly sight. No wonder an American writer and journalist said, "I came here an atheist, and departed a devout believer."
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答案 也许，大峡谷最引人注目的风貌特色是“红墙”石灰石悬崖，它耸立在裂口半当中，几乎是垂直的。它的平均高度为550英尺——几乎和华盛顿纪念碑一样高。虽然实际上悬崖是灰蓝色的石灰石，但是从岩石里渗出的铁盐把它的表面染成了晚霞般的色彩。紧挨着“红墙”上方，红色沙岩和页岩交替出现，厚达1000英尺，然后是浅蓝色的岩层，最上层是淡黄色的石灰石。 尽管大峡谷相对的南北两缘只相隔12英里，可是坐车从一边到另一边却要跨越214英里的行程。北缘只能在夏天参观，它比南缘高出1200英尺左右，一年中除了7、8月外，大部分时间都为冰雪所覆盖。
解析 1、本段描写美国的科罗拉多大峡谷，多用描述性词汇，句式富于变化，翻译时不能满足于形式上的忠实、对应，而是要抓住原文的精神实质。
2、不同语言强调方式各异其趣，给翻译留下变通的空间，如原文第1段第1句用同位语its Redwall limestone cliff以突出“大峡谷最引人注目的风貌特色”，译文却采用汉语判断句式，异曲同工。
3、文中涉及色彩变化的词在译文中要注意加以表现，如第1段中的gray-blue，sunset hue，red，pale—blue和yellowish分别译为“灰蓝色的，晚霞般的颜色，红色，浅蓝色和淡黄色”。
4、首段最后两句以“岩层”为描写中心，故可译为一句话。alternating layers of red sand—stone and shale译为“红色沙岩和页岩交替出现”，以增加描写的动感。
5、末段首句的句型it is a journey of…by car一般译为“坐车的路程或时间是…”。
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