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  3. The record of the past half century has established, I think, the two general principles about human disease. First, it is neces

The record of the past half century has established, I think, the two general principles about human disease. First, it is neces

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问题     The record of the past half century has established, I think, the two general principles about human disease. First, it is necessary to know a great deal about underlying mechanisms before one can really act effectively; one had to know that the pneumococcus (肺炎球菌) causes lobar pneumonia (球形肺炎) before one could begin thinking about antibiotics.
    Second, for every disease there is a single key mechanism that dominates all the others. If one can find it, and think one’s way around it, one can control the disorder. This generalization is harder to prove and arguable—it is more like a strong hunch (直觉) than a scientific assertion— but I believe that the record thus far tends to support it. The most complicated, multicell, multi-tissue, and multiorgan diseases I know are tertiary syphilis, chronic tuberculosis, and pernicious anemia. In each, there are at least five major organs and tissues involved, and each appears to be affected by a variety of environmental influences. Before they came under scientific appraisal, each was what we now call a "multifactorial disease. " And yet, When all the necessary facts were in it was clear that by simply switching off one thing—the spirochete, the tubercle bacillus, or a single vitamin deficiency—the whole array of disordered and seemingly unrelated pathological mechanisms could be switched off, at once.
What do the three diseases mentioned in the second paragraph have in common?
选项 A、They have the same cause.
B、They affect several organs.
C、They affect the same area of the body.
D、They can be cured by antibiotics.
答案B
解析 文中第二段第五句说：“在每种疾病中至少涉及五种主要器官和组织，每一种疾病都表现出受到环境影响的多样性。”结合上句提到三种“multiorgan disease”，我们可知它们的共同点是涉及几种主要器官。因此正确答案为B。
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