2. 外语
  3. Although the stigma (耻辱) once associated with mental illness has gradually gone away in recent years, most of the Americans who

Although the stigma (耻辱) once associated with mental illness has gradually gone away in recent years, most of the Americans who

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问题     Although the stigma (耻辱) once associated with mental illness has gradually gone away in recent years, most of the Americans who have clinical depression still don’t get treated for it, partly because many are too embarrassed to go to a psychologist. In fact, the majority of depressed people who seek professional help turn first not to a psychologist but to their primary-care physician.
    But do regular doctors really know how to identify depression? A large new scientific review suggests they don’t. In a review of 41 previous studies, the authors found that general practitioners make frequent mistakes, missing true cases of depression about half the time and incorrectly diagnosing it in 19% of healthy people.
    Alex Mitchell, Amol Vaze and Sanjay Rao of Leicester General Hospital in the U.K. estimate that about 1 in 5 people in developed nations will experience depression in their lifetime. That means that among a general patient population of 100, about 20 will develop the condition, but the typical doctor will find it in only 10 of those who have it. And among the 80 healthy people, the doctor will incorrectly identify depression in 15.
    This is significant because depression can make the patient and his or her family weak. Depression also carries an enormous social burden, leading to missed work days, loss of productivity and increases in health-care spending. Further, those misdiagnosed with depression may end up being prescribed medicine that not only costs a lot but can have serious side effects.
    The various studies that Mitchell, Vaze and Rao reviewed used different methods to verify whether doctors had missed depression in their patients. Virtually all the studies pointed to the same conclusion: general physicians aren’t very good at recognizing the most common mental illness in the world.
    Why? One reason is that the typical doctor visit is quite short, usually no longer than 15 minutes. It’s hard for patients to open up about their symptoms during that brief period. Doctors should spend more time or schedule follow-up appointments with patients they suspect have depression, which can dramatically increase the rate of accurate diagnoses.
Those who "will develop the condition" (Line 3, Para. 3) refer to _______.
选项 A、patients who will be misdiagnosed as depression
B、patients who will survive depression
C、patients who will suffer from depression
D、patients who receive correct diagnose
答案C
解析 第3段第1句提到在发达国家，约五分之一的人在一生中会有抑郁症状(experience depression)。第2句句首的That means that表示此处是具体说明，说到在100人当中就有20人will develop the condition，该比例为20%，正好与上文的1 in 5一致，故这20人应该是experience depression，C与此相符，故为答案。
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