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  3. Human beings in all times and places think about their world and wonder at their place in it. Humans are thoughtful and creative

Human beings in all times and places think about their world and wonder at their place in it. Humans are thoughtful and creative

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问题      Human beings in all times and places think about their world and wonder at their place in it. Humans are thoughtful and creative, possessed of insatiable curiosity. 【61】Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies. Therefore, it is important to study humans in all their richness and diversity in a calm and Systematic manner, with the hope that the knowledge resulting from such studies can lead humans to a more harmonious way of living with themselves and with all other life forms on this planet Earth. "Anthropology" derives from the Greek words  anthropos ("human") and logos ("the study of"). By its very name, anthropology encompasses the study of all humankind. Anthropology is one of the social sciences. 【62】 Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.
   Social science disciplines include geography, economics, political science, psychology, and sociology. Each of these social sciences has a subfield or specialization which lies particularly close to anthropology.
   All the social sciences focus upon the study of humanity. Anthropology is a field-study oriented discipline which makes extensive use of the comparative method in analysis. 【63】The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.
   Anthropological analyses rest heavily upon the concept of culture. Sir Edward Tylor’s formulation of the concept of culture was one of the great intellectual achievements of 19th century science. 【64】 Tylor defined culture as"...that complex whole which includes belief, art, morals, law, custom and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society." This insight, so profound in its simplicity, opened up an entirely new way of perceiving and understanding human life. Implicit which Tylor’s definition is the concept that culture is learned, shared, and patterned behavior.
   【65】 Thus, the anthropological concept of "culture," like the concept of "set" in mathematics, is an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding.
【63】
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答案(研究中)强调收集第一手材料，加之分析过去和现在文化现象时采用跨文化视角，使得这一研究成为一门独特而非常重要的社会科学。
解析 这个句子虽长，却是一个简单句。其主干为The emphasis…makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science。gathered first-hand为过去分词短语作定语，修饰前面的data(搜集的第一手资料)。combined with a…past and present是过去分词短语作状语，修饰谓语动词make，其中brought to the analy sis of cultures past and present是过去分词短语作定语，修饰perspective，用于分析过去与现在的文化的视角。翻译此句时不应拘泥于原文的句法结构和词语顺序，同时还要注意两种语言转化时词类的转化。例如：The emphasis on data中emphasis属于由动词转化而来的名词，因此，翻译时译为动词会更符合汉语的表达习惯。
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