首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
In the privacy of our minds, we all talk to ourselves—an inner monologue that seem rather pointless. As one scientific paper on
In the privacy of our minds, we all talk to ourselves—an inner monologue that seem rather pointless. As one scientific paper on
admin
2016-10-24
83
问题
In the privacy of our minds, we all talk to ourselves—an inner monologue that seem rather pointless. As one scientific paper on self-talk asks:"What can we tell ourselves that we already don’t know?" But as that study and others go on to show, the act of giving ourselves mental messages can help us learn and perform at our best. Researchers have identified the most effective forms of self-talk.
Self-talk isn’t just motivational messages like "You can do it!" or "almost there, " although this internal cheering section can give us confidence. A review of more than two dozen studies, published last year in the journal Perspective of Psychological Science , found that there’s another kind of mental message that is even more useful, called"instructional self-talk. " This is the kind of running commentary we engage in when we’re carrying out a difficult task, especially one that is unfamiliar to us. Think about when you were first learning to drive. Your self-talk might have gone something like this: "Foot on the gas pedal, hands on the wheel, slow down for the curve here, now put your blinker on…"
Over time, of course, giving yourself instructions becomes unnecessary—but while you’re learning, it does three important things. First, it enhances our attention, focusing us on the important elements of the task and screening out distractions. Second, it helps us regulate our effort and make decisions about what to do, how to do it, and when. And third, self-talk allows us to control our cognitive and emotional reactions, steadying us so we stay on task.
In a recent study of students learning to throw darts in a gym class, Athanasios Kolovelonis and his colleagues at the University of Thessaly in Greece found that self-talk is most effective when incorporated into a cycle of thought and action. First comes forethought, when you set a goal for yourself and make a plan for how to get there. That’s followed by performance, when you enact the plan to the best of your ability. Last comes self-reflection, when you carefully evaluate what you’ve done and adjust your plan for the next time.
Self-talk can play a key part in this cycle. During the forethought phase, consider carefully what you’ll say to yourself. You can even write out a script. Repeat these self-instructions during the performance phase. With practice, you may find that your self-instructions become
abbreviated
: research has found that these so-called "cue words" can become powerful signals. In a study of elite sprinters, for example, the runners spoke certain words to themselves at certain times: "push" during the acceleration phase of the sprint, "heel" during the maximum-speed phase, and "claw" during the endurance phase. When they used these cue words, the athletes ran faster.
After the action is over, consider how you might change your self-talk to improve your performance next time—so that moment it matters, the right words are ringing in your ears.
The purpose of this passage is to illustrate______.
选项
A、the use of self-talk in sportsmen’s athletic performance
B、the three phases of self-talk:forethought, performance and reflection
C、different messages of self-talk conveyed in their different forms
D、the role of self-talk in increasing concentration and improving performance
答案
D
解析
这篇短文的主要目的是说明自言自语在提高注意力和成绩中的作用。根据最后一段,这个行动结束以后,下一次考虑如何改变你的自言自语,以便提高你的成绩。因此,在自言自语至关重要之时,恰当的词语会在你耳边回响。
转载请注明原文地址:https://www.kaotiyun.com/show/y3GO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Chooseoneappropriatewordfromthefollowingwordbanktofillintheblanksnumberedfrom1to15inthepassagebelow.Chang
Chooseoneappropriatewordfromthefollowingwordbanktofillintheblanksnumberedfrom1to15inthepassagebelow.Chang
Chooseoneappropriatewordfromthefollowingwordbanktofillintheblanksnumberedfrom1to15inthepassagebelow.Chang
Zoologistsobservethewayanimals______withoneanotherandtheirenvironment.
Chemistrydidnotemergeas:scienceuntilafterthescientificrevolutionin17thcenturyandthenonlyratherslowlyandlabor
A"scientific"viewoflanguagewasdominantamongphilosophersandlinguistswhoaffectedtodevelopascientificanalysisof
73.5percentofmajorU.S.firmsreportthattheyrecordandreviewtheiremployees’communicationsandactivitiesonthejob.
Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:ReduceWasteonCampus.Youshoul
Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopic-.HowtoSucceedinaJobinterview?Youshoul
OnthemorningofSeptember11th,IboardedthetrainfromWashingtonHeightsinUpperManhattanjustasusualandwenttotheB
随机试题
Listentothefollowingpassage.Altogetherthepassagewillbereadtoyoufourtimes.Duringthefirstreading,whichwillbe
对行政发展产生的最直接的影响是行政绩效的提高以及组织结构和管理模式的变化,这种影响因素是()
A、泻肺平喘B、宣肺平喘C、敛肺平喘D、清肺平喘E、止咳平喘杏仁()
在设备检验中,对设备的性能、参数、运转情况的全面检验,称为( )。
投资者教育应具体重点突出的内容包括()。Ⅰ.要持续地采取各种有效方式让投资者充分理解“买者自负”的原则,真正明白“股市有风险,人市须谨慎”的警示Ⅱ.证券公司在进行产品和业务推介时,应当清楚说明不同产品和业务的区别,使投资者充分认识不同产品和业
中国剪纸从表现形式上可分为________、________两大类。
下列哪些因素会影响时间知觉?()
Labelthemapbelow.Writethecorrectletter,A-H,nexttoquestions16-20.Restarea
______danger,hetookaknifealongwithhim.
Towhomyoumaysendyouremail.Youmaysendyouremailtoyourfriendswho______init.WhydidJohnsaysorrytotheshop
最新回复
(
0
)