2. 外语
  3. The Qin Dynasty was the first to unify China, and Qin Shi Huang is remembered as China’s first emperor. He ruled ruthlessly with

The Qin Dynasty was the first to unify China, and Qin Shi Huang is remembered as China’s first emperor. He ruled ruthlessly with

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问题    The Qin Dynasty was the first to unify China, and Qin Shi Huang is remembered as China’s first emperor. He ruled ruthlessly with absolute authority, and even destroyed ancient practices and literature not corresponding to his ideas. Although the Qin Dynasty lasted only 15 years, it made a tremendous difference to Chinese culture. The feudal system was introduced and became a central feature of imperial China. Weights and measures, currency and the written language were all standardized. Huge infrastructure projects were completed, including the earliest Great Wall.
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答案 秦朝是第一个统一(unify)中国的朝代。秦始皇作为中国的首个皇帝而被人们所记住。他以绝对的权威进行无情的统治，甚至破坏了与他的理念不一致的古代惯例和文学。虽然秦朝只持续了15年，但它对中国文化的影响是巨大的。它引入了封建制度(feudal system)，并使之成为帝制中国的核心特征。它标准化了度量衡、货币以及书面语。它还完成了巨大的基础设施建设(infrastructure projects)，包括最早期的长城。
解析 1．第一句和第二句是并列关系，所以可将这两句合译，用and连接，以使逻辑关系更紧密；“统一中国”可译为unify China；“作为……而被人们所记住”可用“be remembered as…”来表达。
2．第三句中，“以绝对的权威”和“无情的”都作“统治”的状语，分别译为介词短语with absolute authority和副词ruthlessly。
3．第四句中，翻译“虽然……，但……”时，注意英文句子中不能同时出现although和but。
4．最后三句的主语都是“它”，指代“秦朝”，但中文多主动，英文多被动，所以翻译这三个句子时，可以译为被动语态。
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