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  3. Over a decade ago, psychologist Barry Schwartz published what might be the ultimate psychological book, The Paradox(悖论)of Choice

Over a decade ago, psychologist Barry Schwartz published what might be the ultimate psychological book, The Paradox(悖论)of Choice

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问题     Over a decade ago, psychologist Barry Schwartz published what might be the ultimate psychological book, The Paradox(悖论)of Choice-. Why More Is Less. In it, Schwartz argues that the modern world’s smorgasbord(大杂烩)of options—Coke Zero or Diet? Major in sociology or psychology? — makes us less happy, not more. "Choice overload" , as he calls it, makes us question our decisions, set our expectations too high, and blame ourselves for our mistakes.
    One of my favorite Schwartzisms is this: If you ever aren’t sure if you attended the very best party or bought the very best computer, just settle for " good enough". People who do this are called "satisficers" , and they’re consistently happier, he’s found, than are " maximizers"(完美主义者), people who feel that they must choose the very best possible option. Maximizers earn more, Schwartz has found, but they’re also less satisfied with their jobs. In fact, they’re more likely to be clinically depressed in general.
    The reason this happens, as Schwartz explained in a paper with his Swarthmore colleague Andrew Ward, is that as life circumstances improve, expectations rise. People begin comparing their experiences to peers who are doing better, or to past experiences they’ve personally had that were better.
    As people have contact with items of high quality, they begin to suffer from "the curse of insight". The lower quality items that used to be perfectly acceptable are no longer good enough. The cheerful zero point keeps rising, and expectations and aspirations rise with it. As a result, the rising quality of experience is met with rising expectations, and people are just running in place. As long as expectations keep pace with realizations, people may live better, but they won’t feel better about how they live.
    Schwartz’ solution, as he recently explained to the psychology blogger Eric Barker, is just to settle for something that’s acceptable—even if you know there’s likely something better out there. Whenever you need a new laptop, buy the laptop identical with your maximizer friends’. It is probably not the perfect laptop for you, but good enough for you. It takes you five minutes to make a decision instead of five weeks and it’s a " good enough" decision.
    It can be hard, in our culture, to force yourself to settle for "good enough". But when it comes to happiness and satisfaction, "good enough" isn’t just good—it’s perfect.
The author gives an example of laptop in order to______.
选项 A、explain what is settling for "good enough"
B、explain how to make a quick decision
C、show that not everything is acceptable
D、show how to buy a suitable laptop
答案A
解析 事实细节题。本题考查作者举例的意图。原文倒数第二段指出，施瓦茨的解决方案，正如他最近向心理学博客作者埃里克·巴克解释的那样，就是满足于可以接受的东西——即使你知道很有可能还有更好的。接着举了一个例子：当你需要一个新的笔记本电脑时，同你的完美主义者朋友买同一款。可能对你来说这不是最好的笔记本，但却是足够好的。只要花费你五分钟的时间而不是五周的时间就能做出决定，并且这是一个“足够好”的决定。由此可见，作者举笔记本电脑的例子是为了解释什么才是满足于“足够好”。A)是对作者举例意图的最好概括，故为答案。B)“解释如何快速做决定”、C)“表明不是所有的东西都是可以接受的”和D)“表明如何购买一台合适的笔记本电脑”，均不符合文意，故排除。
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