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  3. Crop Problem Advances in technology have helped more of the world’s population live better and longer, and that is part of o

Crop Problem Advances in technology have helped more of the world’s population live better and longer, and that is part of o

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问题                           Crop Problem
    Advances in technology have helped more of the world’s population live better and longer, and that is part of our problems Better health standards have kept larger number of people alive. The world’s population is now almost four billion and expected to double in 25 years. Growing population and slowly rising living standards have increased our need for food at the rate of 30 million tons per year. As a result, the world’s stockpile of food(食物储备) is declining by about 10 million tons per year.
    From the early 1950s until 1972 , world food production increased greatly. The Green Revolution (绿色革命) extended scientific techniques to agriculture in the form of hybrid seed (杂交种)and poultry (禽类), chemical fertilizers (化学肥料) and pesticides (杀虫剂), and complex irrigation systems. Strains (品种) of corn (玉米), sorghum (高粱), soybeans (大豆), wheat and rice were developed to flourish under particular climate and soil conditions.
    In the United States, corn production rose to 110 bushels(蒲式耳：谷物、水果、蔬菜等容量单位，在英国相当于36, 368升，在美国相当于35, 238升) per acre from only 26 bushels per acre in the early 1900s. Milk production rose to 10, 000 pounds per cow per year, compared with 600 in India. Chickens were bred to eat less, grow to maturity in shorter time, and produce more eggs. As a result of such scientific advances, our twelve midwestern states alone now feed one fourth of the world’s people.
    Crop disaster in 1972 brought an apparent end to the growth in production. Much of the extra yields had come from the use of chemical fertilizers, primarily petroleum based and now in short supply. The drop in world supplies of petroleum-based fertilizers is expected to cause a drop in crop yields of ten tons for each one ton decline in fertilizers applied.
    This presents a particular problem for underdeveloped nations that often lack the foreign exchange necessary for buying fertilizer. The problem is so severe that Philip Handier, president of the National Academy of Sciences, has predicted one million child deaths per month in these nations by the year 2025.  
What does the writer want to tell us in the paragraph 4.9
选项 A、The U.S. is richer than India.
B、Chickens were made to mature in shorter time and able to produce more eggs.
C、There are 12 states in the midwestern U. S.
D、U.S. is able to increase food production with scientific techniques.
答案D
解析 本题考查考生的理解判断能力，考的是对作者观点的理解。作者在第四段中以美国为例，告诉我们因为使用先进的技术，美国的谷物产量从20世纪的每英亩26蒲式耳增加到每英亩110蒲式耳；牛奶产量也增加到每头牛每年10, 000磅，而印度每头牛每年只产600磅；用科学技术养鸡之后，鸡吃得少了，长得快了，下的蛋多了。随着这些科技的发展，仅美国中部12个州就可以养活全世界1/4的人口。由此我们不难推出，作者想告诉我们，美国使用科学技术使其粮食产量得以增加。所以，正确答案是D。
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