2. 外语
  3. Apology Makes Right Whether used to repair old, strained relationships or to lay the groundwork for new, productive ones, th

Apology Makes Right Whether used to repair old, strained relationships or to lay the groundwork for new, productive ones, th

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问题                         Apology Makes Right
    Whether used to repair old, strained relationships or to lay the groundwork for new, productive ones, the mighty "sorry" has proved effective.
    Apologies are powerful. They resolve conflicts without violence, repair disunity between nations , allow governments to acknowledge the suffering of their citizens, and restore balance to personal relationships. They are an effective way to restore trust and gain respect. They can be a sign of strength: proof that the apologizer has the self-confidence to admit a mistake.
    Apologies, like so many other communication strategies, begin at home. They are one of what some linguists call speech acts and are used to keep relationships on track. Each cultural group has its own customs with regard to conversational formalities, including conventionalized means of repairing disruptions.
    In the American context, there is enough evidence that women are more inclined to offer an expression of apology than men. One woman, for example, told me that her husband’s resistance to a-pologizing makes their disputes go on and on. Once, after he forgot to give her a particularly important telephone message, she couldn’t get over her anger, not because he had forgotten(she realized anyone can make a mistake)but because he didn’t apologize. "Had I done something like that," she said, " I would have fallen all over myself saying how sorry I was ... I felt as though he didn’t care. " When I asked her husband for his side of the story, he said apologizing would not have repaired the damage, "So what good does it do?" he wondered.
    The good it does is cementing relationships. By saying he was sorry—and saying it as if he meant it—he would have conveyed that he felt bad about letting her down. Not saying anything sent the opposite message: it implied he didn’t care. Showing that you empathize provides the element of regret that is central to apologies—as does the promise to make amends and not repeat the offense. In the absence of these, why should the wife trust her husband not to do it again?
    Apologies can be equally powerful in day-to-day situations at home and at work. One company manager told me that they were magic bullets. When he admitted to subordinates that he had made a mistake and then expressed remorse, they not only forgave him, but became even more loyal. Conversely, when I asked people what most frustrated them in their work lives, coworkers refusing to admit fault was a frequent answer.
Summary:
Apologies are powerful, because they are an effective way to【R1】______and gain respect. Like many other communication strategies, they begin at home. They are one of the【R2】______ and are used to keep relationships on track. The essential advantage of apology is repairing the【R3】______. Showing that you are regretful means to compensate and not【R4】______. Moreover, apologies can be equally powerful in【R5】______both at home and at work.
【R2】
选项
答案speech acts
解析 (文章第三段第一句提到Apologies，like so many other communication strategies，begin athome． They are one of what some linguists call speech acts and are used to keep relationshipson track。)
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