2. 外语
  3. Man is the only animal that laughs. Why is this true? What makes us respond as we do to pleasurable experiences? What is the his

Man is the only animal that laughs. Why is this true? What makes us respond as we do to pleasurable experiences? What is the his

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问题     Man is the only animal that laughs. Why is this true? What makes us respond as we do to pleasurable experiences? What is the history of this "happy【C1】______" , as someone once termed it, and just what is its function?
    We are not short of theories to explain the mystery; for centuries, biologists, philosophers, psychologists, and medical men have sought a definitive explanation of laughter. One writer【C2】______that its function is to【C3】______others or to prove to be better than them by insulting them. Another took the opposite view: that we laugh in order not to cry. A psychologist offered the explanation that laughter functions as【C4】______for painful experiences, and that it serves to defend a person against what the psychologist termed "the many minor pains to which man is【C5】______". In the 17th century a writer set forth the theory that we laugh when we compare ourselves with others and find ourselves superior;【C6】______, we laugh at the weakness of others.
    Virtually every theory has been concerned with either the structure or the function of laughter, whereas relatively few have been devoted to the question of its【C7】______. I propose to offer a theory which, so far as I am aware, has not previously been set forth; that only those animals capable of【C8】______are capable of laughter; and that therefore man, being the only animal that speaks, is the only animal that laughs.
    Those of us who have observed chimpanzees closely feel quite confident that the chimpanzee occasionally exhibits behavior that looks very much like a primitive human laughter. This behavior, however, has been observed only in a human context;【C9】______it occurs under natural conditions is dubious; but【C10】______that under any conditions an ape is capable of such behavior is of more than passing interest—for does it not indicate that early man had the basics of laughter?
【C5】
选项 A、accustomed
B、exposed
C、addicted
D、attached
答案B
解析 考查对上下文的理解。上题已分析了空格所在句子的部分意思。此题需要一个限定“many minor pains”的词，“many minor pains”做“is——to”短语中“to”的宾语。空格所在的句子提到了“笑”对许多微小伤痛的抵御。A．accustomed意为“习惯的”。如若人们习惯了小伤痛，便不易察觉到小伤痛造成的伤害，亦不会积极抵御。因而A．accustomed不正确，与题意不符。另外，人们一般也不会对小伤痛上瘾或喜爱小伤痛，这与常理相违背，故be addicted to与be attached to不合适；B．exposed为正确答案。be exposedto意为“遭受”，符合题意。故选B。
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