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  3. Recent years have brought minority owned businesses in the United States unprecedented opportunities—as well as new and signific

Recent years have brought minority owned businesses in the United States unprecedented opportunities—as well as new and signific

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问题     Recent years have brought minority owned businesses in the United States unprecedented opportunities—as well as new and significant risks. Civil rights activists have long argued that one of the principal reasons why Blacks, His-panics, and other minority groups have difficulty establishing themselves in business is that they lack access to the sizable orders and subcontracts that are generated by large companies. Now Congress, in apparent agreement, has required by law that businesses awarded federal contracts of more than $ 500,000 do their best to find minority subcontractors and record their efforts to do so on forms filed with the government. Indeed, some federal and local agencies have gone so far as to set specific per- centage goals for apportioning parts of public works contracts to minority enterprises.
    Corporate response appears to have been substantial. According to figures collected in 1977, the total of corporate contracts with minority businesses rose from $ 77 million in 1972 to $1.1 billion in 1977. The projected total of corporate contracts with minority businesses for the early 1980’s is estimated to be over 53 billion per year with no letup anticipated in the next decade.
    Promising as it is for minority businesses, this increased patronage poses dangers for them, too. First, minority firms risk expanding too fast and overextending themselves financially, since most are small concerns and, unlike large businesses, they often need to make substantial investments in new plants, staff, equipment, and the like in order to perform work subcontracted to them. If, thereafter, their subcontracts are for some reason reduced, such firms can face potentially crippling fixed expenses. The world of corporate purchasing can be frustrating for small entrepreneurs who get requests for elaborate formal estimates and bids. I3oth consume valuable time and resources, and a small company’ s efforts must soon result in orders, or both the morale and the financial health of the business will suffer.
    A second risk is that White-owned companies may seek to cash in on the increasing apportionments through formation of joint ventures with minority-owned concerns. Of course, in many in- stances there are legitimate reasons for joint ventures; clearly, White and minority enterprises can team up to acquire business that neither could acquire alone. But civil rights groups and minority business owners have complained to Congress about minorities being set up as "fronts" with White backing, rather than being accepted as full partners in legitimate joint ventures.
    Third, a minority enterprise that secures the business of one large corporate customer often run the danger of becoming—and remaining—dependent. Even in the best of circumstances, fierce competition from larger, more established companies makes it difficult for small concerns to broaden their customer bases: when such firms have nearly guaranteed orders from a single corpo- rate benefactor, they may truly have to struggle against complacency arising from their current success.
The author would most likely agree with which of the following statements about corporate response to working with minority subcontractors?
选项 A、Annoyed by the proliferation of "front" organizations, corporations are likely to reduce their efforts to work with minority-owned subcon-tractors in the near future.
B、Although corporations showed considerable interest in working with minority businesses in the 1970 ’ s, their aversion to government paperwork made them reluctant to pursue many government contracts.
C、The significant response of corporations in the 1970’s is likely to be sustained and conceivably be increased throughout the 1980 ’s.
D、Although corporations are eager to cooperate with minority-owned businesses, a shortage of capital in the 1970’s made substantial response impossible.
E、The enormous corporate response has all but eliminated the dangers of over-expansion that used to plague small minority-owned businesses.
答案C
解析 关于论述“企业对和少数民族合作的反应”的观点，哪一个符合原文?A．由于“傀儡型”组织激增，企业最近打算减少此种行动。无。B．虽然企业在70年代对此有兴趣，其对政府文件的厌恶反而使它们不想得到政府合同。无。C．正确。企业会保持其在70年代所做的强烈反应，并且可预计在80年代会有所上升(L28—32)。D．尽管它们想合作，但70年代资金短缺使其不能做出任何强烈反应。无。E．其帮助消除了小企业以前过快膨胀的危险。原文第三段，恰恰是这一新政策实行后，少数民族企业有了此种危险。
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