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  3. The vegetative forms of most bacteria are killed by drying in air, although the different species exhibit pronounced differences

The vegetative forms of most bacteria are killed by drying in air, although the different species exhibit pronounced differences

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问题     The vegetative forms of most bacteria are killed by drying in air, although the different species exhibit pronounced differences in their resistance. The tubercle bacillus is one of the more resistant, and vibrio bacterium is one of the more sensitive to drying. In general, the encapsulated organisms are more resistant than the non-encapsulated forms. Spores are quite resistant to drying; the spores of the anthrax bacillus, for example, will germinate alter remaining in a dry condition for years or more. The resistance of the pathogenic forms causing disease of the upper respiratory tract is of particular interest in connection with airborne infection, for the length of time that a droplet remains infective is a result, primarily, of the resistance of the particular microorganism to drying.
According to the passage, the risk of infection from airborne microorganisms would likely be greater during a______.
选项 A、heat wave
B、time of high humidity
C、windless period
D、shortage of fuel oil
答案B
解析 本题中，A项不利于生存：C、D两项在文中未被提及。从文中的“The vegetative forms of most bacteria are killed by drying in air.”可知，细菌在干燥的空气中难以存活；反之，潮湿的空气下，其较易存活，传染性也就越强。因此B项为正确答案。
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