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  3. Heart disease has long been Britain’s biggest single killer. Despite our efforts to ward off its risk factors with more exercise

Heart disease has long been Britain’s biggest single killer. Despite our efforts to ward off its risk factors with more exercise

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问题     Heart disease has long been Britain’s biggest single killer. Despite our efforts to ward off its risk factors with more exercise and a healthier diet, the statistics remain sobering—particularly if you are a man. According to the British Heart Foundation, one in seven men will die from heart disease compared with one in 11 women, and of the 2. 3 million people living with heart disease in the UK, 60 percent are men.
    Professor Jamie Waterall, the national lead for cardiovascular disease prevention at PHE, says there are many reasons why more men than women are suffering heart disease. "Women do have the advantage of some hormonal protection of the heart prior to the menopause, which lessens their risk, but from that age onwards things should even out. But men continue to display an abundance of risky lifestyle behaviours that make them more vulnerable. They eat more, drink more, smoke more, for example. "
    Numerous studies have shown that excess belly fat, even if you are skinny everywhere else, can be deadly. "Fat around the middle—especially the deep visceral fat hidden in your abdomen—has been linked to a higher risk of heart disease because these fat cells produce damaging toxic substances," Allen says.
    Previously, men were advised to drink no more than three to four units of alcohol a day, which technically meant they could consume 28 units a week. The latest rules have cut that to no more than 14 units. Cutting down is one thing, but you should also spread your alcohol intake and have " several drink-free days per week" , according to the charity Drinkaware. Doing so can help your weight and cholesterol levels, both bad for the heart, to drop.
    According to the smoking cessation charity Ash, smoking at any age causes about 14 percent of deaths from heart disease. If you are a smoker, stopping is the single most important thing you can do.
    Switching to e-cigarettes or vaping is a positive move—provided that you eventually stop for good. In February a study from the University of California revealed that people who vape are more likely to have higher adrenaline levels and more stress in the heart, both of which have an adverse effect on cardiovascular health. "In the short term, using e-cigarettes may be useful as a stepping stone to quitting, but the ultimate goal is to stop using them too," says Allen.
Smoking e-cigarettes can______.
选项 A、lower the risk of hear attack
B、be used as an effective alternative to tobacco
C、be positive for cardiovascular health
D、help quit smoking
答案D
解析 推断题。定位到第五段。吸烟会提高心脏病的患病风险，使用电子烟可能有助于戒烟，但是电子烟也会对心血管健康产生不良的影响，因此最终也得戒掉。故答案选[D]“帮助戒烟”。[A]“降低心脏病风险”错误；[B]“是卷烟的有效替代品”错误；[C]“对心脑血管有好处”，与文章内容相反。
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