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Of all the areas of learning the most important is the development of attitudes: emotional reactions as well as logical thought

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问题     Of all the areas of learning the most important is the development of attitudes: emotional reactions as well as logical thought processes affect the behavior of most people. "The burnt child fears the fire" is one instance; another is the rise of despots like Hitler. Both these examples also point up the fact that attitudes come from experience. In the one case the experience was direct and impressive; in the other it was indirect and cumulative. The Nazis were influenced largely by the speeches they heard and the books they read.
    The classroom teacher in the elementary school is in a strategic position to influence attitudes. This is true partly because children acquire attitudes from those adults whose words are highly regarded by them.
    Another reason it is true is that pupils often devote their time to a subject in school that has only been touched upon at home or has possibly never occurred to them before. To a child who had previously acquired little knowledge of Mexico his teacher’s method of handling such a unit would greatly affect his attitude toward Mexicans.
    The media through which the teacher can develop wholesome attitudes are innumerable. Social studies (with special reference to races, creeds and nationalities), science matters of health and safety, the very atmosphere of the classroom...these are a few of the fertile fields for the inculcation of proper emotional reactions.
    However, when children go to school with undesirable attitudes, it is unwise for the teacher to attempt to change their feelings by cajoling or scolding them. She can achieve the proper effect by helping them obtain constructive experiences.
    To illustrate, first-grade pupils afraid of policemen will probably alter their attitudes after a classroom chat with the neighborhood officer in which he explains how he protects them. In the same way, a class of older children can develop attitudes through discussion, research, outside reading and all-day trips.
    Finally, a teacher must constantly evaluate her own attitudes, because her influence can be negative if she has personal prejudices. This is especially true in respect to controversial issues and questions on which children should be encouraged to reach their own decision as a result of objective analysis of all the facts.
Notes:
point up (= emphasize)强调，突出。touch upon触及。creed信条，教义。inculcation谆谆教诲。cajoling哄骗。
选项 A、An assertion is made and two examples are given to illustrate it.
B、A controversy is stated and two opposite points of view are presented.
C、A widely accepted definition is presented and two men are described.
D、An idea is stated and two results of recent research are summarized.
答案A
解析 逻辑结构题。本题问：下面哪一表述最好地描述了本文第1段的逻辑构思?第1段第1句写道："学习的所有领域中，最重要的是培养态度：各种情感反应和逻辑思维过程都会影响大多数人的行为"。这是作者提出的看法。接着作者举了两个例子来阐述这一看法。可见，本段的逻辑构思应为A。
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考研英语一

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