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  3. The blue of the sea is caused by the scattering of sunlight by tiny particles suspended in the water. Blue light, being of short

The blue of the sea is caused by the scattering of sunlight by tiny particles suspended in the water. Blue light, being of short

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问题     The blue of the sea is caused by the scattering of sunlight by tiny particles suspended in the water. Blue light, being of short wavelength, is scattered more efficiently than light of longer wavelengths. Although waters of the open ocean are commonly some shade of blue, green water is commonly seen near coasts, especially in tropical or subtropical regions. This is caused by yellow pigments being mixed with blue water. Phytoplankton are one source of the yellow pigment. Other microscopic plants may color the water brown or brownish-red. Near the shore, silt or sediment in suspension can give water a brownish hue. Outflow of large rivers can often be observed many miles offshore by the coloration of suspended soil particles.
    Marine phytoplankton (Greek for "plant wanderers") are microscopic single-celled plants that include diatoms, dinoflagellates, coccolithophorids, green algae, and blue-green algae, among others. The growth of these organisms, which photosynthesize light, depends on a delicate balance of nutrient enrichment via vertical mixing, which is often limited by the availability of nitrogen and light. Diatoms are one-celled plants with patterned glass coverings. Each glass, or silicon dioxide box, is ornamented with species-specific designs, pits, and perforations making them popular with microscopists and, more recently, electron scanning microscopists.
Green water near coastlines is almost always caused by ______.
选项 A、sand color
B、red pigments in coastal waters
C、blue pigment
D、reflected light and yellow pigment from plant life
答案D
解析 细节题型。见文章第一句：The blue of the sea is caused by the scattering of sunlight by tiny particles suspended in the water．蓝色的海水是由于阳光对悬浮于水中的微粒造成散射形成的。第四、五句：This is caused by yellow pigments being mixed with blue water. Phytoplankton are one source of the yellow pigment．海水呈绿色是由于蓝色的海水和呈现黄色的浮游生物混合形成的。所以选项D正确。
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