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  3. The most effective attacks against globalization are usually not those related to economics. Instead, they are social, ethical a

The most effective attacks against globalization are usually not those related to economics. Instead, they are social, ethical a

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问题     The most effective attacks against globalization are usually not those related to economics. Instead, they are social, ethical and, above all, cultural. These arguments surfaced amid the disturbance of Seattle in 1999 and have resonated(使……产生影响)more recently in Dares, Bangkok and Prague. They say this: The disappearance of national borders and the establishment of a world interconnected by markets will deal a death blow to regional and national cultures, and to the traditions, customs, myths and mores that determine each county’s or region’s culture identity. Since most of the world is incapable of resisting the invasion of cultural products from the developed countries—or, more to the point, from the superpower, the United States—that inevitably trails the great transnational corporations, North American culture will ultimately impose itself, standardizing the world and annihilating its rich flora of diverse cultures. In this manner, all other people, and not just the small and weak ones, will lose their identity, their soul, and will become no more than 21st century colonies modeled after the cultural norms of a new imperialism that, in addition to ruling over the plant with its capital, military strength and scientific knowledge, will impose on others its language and its ways of thinking, believing, enjoying and dreaming.
    Even though I believe this cultural argument against globalization is unacceptable we should recognize that deep within it lies an unquestionable truth. This century, the world in which we will live will be less picturesque and filled with less local color than the one we left behind. The festivals, clothing, customs, ceremonies, rites and beliefs that in the past gave humanity its folkloric and ethnological(民族的)variety are progressively disappearing or confining themselves to minority sectors, while the bulk of society abandons them and adopts others more suited to the reality of our time.
    All countries of the earth experience this process, some more quickly than others, but it is not due to globalization. Rather, it is due to modernization, of which the former is effect, not cause. It is possible to feel deep sorrow, certainly, that this process occurs, and to feel nostalgia(怀旧)for the past ways of life that, particularly from our comfortable position of the present, seem full of amusement, originality and color. But this process is unavoidable. In theory, perhaps, a country could keep this identity, but only if like certain remote tribes in Africa or the Amazon — it decides to live in total isolation, cutting off change with other nations and practicing serf-sufficiency; a cultural identity preserved in this form would take that society back to prehistoric standards of living.
    It is true that modernization makes many forms of traditional life disappear. But at the same time, it opens opportunities and constitutes an important step forward for a society as a whole. This is why, when given the option to choose freely, peoples, sometimes counter to what their leaders or intellectual traditionalists would like, choose for modernization without the slightest ambiguity.
Which of the following is true according to the passage?
选项 A、Globalization will enrich cultural diversity.
B、Modernization will succeed in some countries but not in others.
C、Countries should strive to reserve their unique customs and practices.
D、The world will be culturally less diversified because of globalization.
答案D
解析 本题的四个选项中，只有D项为正确答案。这可从文中的内容推知，即北美文化将强加给它们，世界变成统一的标准模式，缤纷的文化奇葩将被扼杀。后面又说，在这个世纪，在我们生活的世界里，景色更乏味，地区特色比过去的那个世纪更少。节日、服饰、习俗、仪式、信仰等使人类民族呈现多样性的事物正渐渐失去，或者只在少数民族地区还保留着，而主流社会却将之遗弃，去采用其他与我们现在这个时代更适合的东西。
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