2. 外语
  3. Because the aircraft industry needs ever-increasing quantities of aluminium plate, new equipment has been designed to automate t

Because the aircraft industry needs ever-increasing quantities of aluminium plate, new equipment has been designed to automate t

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问题     Because the aircraft industry needs ever-increasing quantities of aluminium plate, new equipment has been designed to automate the making of it. It includes a huge heat-treatment furnace, a crane that lifts hot metal plates without damaging them, and a computer system that can manage the complete flow of work.
    Five years ago, Europe’s aircraft industry needed only 8,000 tonnes of aluminium plate a year for its products. Last year the figure reached 21,800 tonnes. By 2004 it should total 30,000 tonnes. Each airliner contains 180 tonnes of it. That is why the plant is being rebuilt to increase both the quality and the amount of its product.
    Aluminium is alloyed with other metals and cast into ingots, and the surface of the ingots is smoothed off. After pre-heating, it is rolled in a mill that can take 3.75-m-wide slabs. The new equipment can make the process more efficient and can produce a better product. For example, computers control the temperature of the hot plates, the rate at which they pass through the mill, the speed of cooling it with water, and so on.
    The new plant can handle twice the throughput of the one that it is replacing, thanks to the completely automated and computerized process.
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答案 由于飞机制造工业需要越来越多的铝板，已设计了新的设备把制造铝板的工序自动化。这套设备包括一个巨型的热处理炉，一架可以起吊热的金属板而不至于损坏它们的吊车和一套能控制整个工艺流程的计算机系统。 五年前，欧洲的飞机制造工业每年只需要8,000吨铝板。去年这个数字增加到21,800吨。到2004年它将达到30,000吨。每架民航飞机就含有180吨铝板。因此正在对这套设备进行改建，以便提高产品的质量和产量。 铝与其他金属一起被制成合金，铸成锭子，并且把锭子的表面光洁化。预热之后，锭子在一架可以容纳3.75米宽的平板的轧机中进行轧制。这套新设备可使这个工序提高效率，并能改进产品的质量。举例说，铝板加热的温度，铝板通过轧机的速度，以及用水对它进行冷却的速度等等，都由计算机控制。 由于工序全部自动化和使用计算机控制，这套新设备能够处理两倍于被它代替的旧设备的产量。
解析 1．Because the aircraft industry needs ever-increasing quantities of aluminium plate，new equipment has been designed to automate the making of it. It includes a huge heat- treatment furnace，a crane that lifts hot metal plates with out damaging them，and a computer system that can manage the complete flow of work．由于飞机制造工业需要越来越多的铝板，已设计了新的设备把制造铝板的工序自动化。这套设备包括一个巨型的热处理炉，一架可以起吊热的金属板而不至于损坏它们的吊车和一套能控制整个工艺流程的计算机系统。
    [分析] 理解结构采分点。
    第一句的主句采用了转态译法和换序译法，即将句子的结构由被动变为主动，词序也作相应的调整：new equipment has been designed译成“已设计了新的设备”，to automate the making of it 译成“把制造铝板的工序自动化”，第二句开始的it，要译出它所指代的是什么，以免读者不知所云，后面的a crane和a computer system各带了一个定语从句，在翻译中要注意它们的位置，在此只须将它们放到被修饰的名词前即可：“一架可以起吊热的金属板而又不至于损坏它们的吊车和一套能控制整个工艺流程的计算机系统。”
2．By 2004 it should total 30,000 tonnes．到2004年它将达到30,000吨。
    [分析] 用词选词采分点。
    total译为：总数将达到。
3．That is why the plant is being rebuilt to increase both the quality and the amount of its product，因此正在对这套设备进行改建，以便提高产品的质量和产量。
    [分析] 理解结构采分点。
    本句的翻译要用转态译法：the plant is being rebuilt(正在对这套设备进行改建)：断句译法：the plant is being rebuilt to increase both the quality and the amount of its product．(正在对这套设备进行改建，以便提高产品的质量和产量)和措辞变换That is why…(因此)；to increase both the quality and the amount of its product. (以便提高产品的质量和产量)：both按中文习惯不译出。
4．Aluminium is alloyed with other metals and cast into ingots，and the surface of the ingots is smoothed off．铝与其他金属一起被制成合金，铸成锭子，并且把锭子的表面光洁化。
    [分析] 理解结构采分点。
    本句中有三个并列的被动语态结构，翻译时要根据上下文的不同而变换译法：第一个被动结构不变：铝与其他金属一起被制成合金，第二个被动结构译为主动：铸成铝锭，第三个被动结构也译为主动：把铝锭的表面光洁化。
5．The new plant can handle twice the throughput of the one that it is replacing，thanks to the completely automated and computerized process．由于工序全部自动化和使用计算机控制，这套新设备能够处理两倍于被它代替的旧设备的产量。
    [分析] 理解结构采分点。
    因为汉语习惯将原因放在前面，翻译时将原因状语提前。the new plant按上下文应译成“这套新设备”：定语从句the one that it is replacing翻译时放到被修饰词前，变成一个定语短语。
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