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The human thirst for knowledge is the driving force behind our successful development as a species. But curiosity can also be da

admin2022-03-23  133
问题     The human thirst for knowledge is the driving force behind our successful development as a species. But curiosity can also be dangerous, leading to setbacks or even downfalls. Given curiosity’s complexity, scientists have found it hard to define.
    While pinning down a definition has proven tricky, the general consensus is it’s some means of information gathering. Psychologists also agree curiosity is intrinsically (内在的) motivated.
    Curiosity covers such a large set of behaviors that there probably isn’t any single "curiosity gene" that makes humans wonder about and explore their environment. That said, curiosity does have a genetic component. Genes and the environment interact in many complex ways to shape individuals and guide their behavior, including their curiosity.
    Regardless of their genetic makeup, infants have to learn an incredible amount of information in a short time, and curiosity is one of the tools humans have found to accomplish that gigantic task.
    Hundreds of studies show that infants prefer novelty. It’s what motivates non-human animals, human infants and probably human adults to explore and seek out new things before growing less interested in them after continued exposure.
    But curiosity often comes with a cost.
    In some situations, the stakes are low and failure is a healthy part of growth. For instance, many babies are perfectly proficient crawlers, but they decide to try walking because there’s more to see and do when they stand upright. But this milestone comes at a small cost. A study of 12- to 19-month-olds learning how to walk documented that these children fell down a lot. Seventeen times per hour, to be exact. But walking is faster than crawling, so this motivates expert crawlers to transition to walking.
    Sometimes, however, testing out a new idea can lead to disaster. For instance, the Inuit people of the Arctic regions have created incredible modes to deal with the challenges of living in northern climates, but what we forget about are the tens of thousands of people that tried and failed to make it in those challenging landscapes.
What do numerous studies show about infants?
选项 A、They are far more curious than adults.
B、They prefer to go after all that is novel.
C、They have different interests than adults.
D、They show non-human animal behaviors.
答案B
解析 由题干中的numerous studies show about infants定位到第五段第一句。细节辨认题。第五段第一句提到，数百项研究表明，婴儿更喜欢新奇的事物。这是促使非人类动物、人类婴儿，甚至可能是人类成年人探索和寻找新事物的动力，而在持续接触之后，他们对新事物的兴趣会减弱。由此可见，婴儿比成年人更喜欢追求新奇的东西，故答案为B)。文章第五段第一句提到，婴儿更喜欢新奇事物，但是文中并没有提及婴儿比成年人更具好奇心，故排除A)；第五段第二句提到，这是促使非人类动物、人类婴儿，甚至可能是人类成年人探索和寻找新事物的动力，而在持续接触之后，他们对新事物的兴趣会减弱，由此可见，在好奇心方面，婴儿、非人类动物以及成年人可能是一样的，故排除C)；D)文章并未提及，故排除。
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