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  3. Chemistry did not emerge as a science until after the scientific revolution in the seventeenth century and then only rather slow

Chemistry did not emerge as a science until after the scientific revolution in the seventeenth century and then only rather slow

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问题     Chemistry did not emerge as a science until after the scientific revolution in the seventeenth century and then only rather slowly and laboriously. But chemical knowledge is as old as history,
being almost entirely【B1】______the practical arts of living.Cooking is【B2】______a chemical process; so is the melting of metals and the administration of drugs and poisons. This basic chemical knowledge, which was applied in most cases as a rule of thumb,was nevertheless【B3】______previous experiment.It also served to【B4】______a fundamental curiosity about the processes themselves. New information was always being gained as artisans (工匠) improved techniques to gain better results. The develop ment of a scientific approach to chemistry was, however,【B5】______by several fac tors.The most serious problem was the vast range of material available and the【B6】______difficulty of organizing it into some system. In addition, there were social and intellectual difficulties: chemistry is nothing if not practical; those who practice it must use their hands, they must have a certain practical talent. Yet in many ancient【B7】______,practical tasks were primarily the province of a slave population. The thinker or philosopher【B8】______ this earthly world, where the practical arts appeared to lack any intellec tual content or interest. The final problem for early chemical science was the element of secrecy.Experts in【B9】______trades had developed their own techniques and guarded their knowledge to prevent others from stealing their【B10】______.
【B3】
选项
答案dependent on
解析 dependent on意为“依靠的”，本句意为“这些基本化学知识在大多数情况下只是粗糙地运用，然而这些基本知识依靠的是前人的实验”。
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