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  3. The Internet has enabled the spread of information at lightning speed. This information revolution has created tremendous busine

The Internet has enabled the spread of information at lightning speed. This information revolution has created tremendous busine

admin2018-03-26  73
问题     The Internet has enabled the spread of information at lightning speed. This information revolution has created tremendous business opportunities for online publishers, but not all of them maintain proper quality-control mechanisms to ensure that only good information is being shared. Instead, many publishers aim simply to make money by whatever means possible, with no regard for the implications for society at large.
    When selfish publishers set up shops online, the primary goal is to publish as much as possible, often at the cost of quality. In this respect, many publishers start numerous online journals focused on overlapping (重叠的) disciplines—to increase their total number of published papers—and hire young business managers who do not have any experience in either science or publishing. In some cases, online publishers even give up peer review, while still presenting themselves as scientific journals—deception designed to take advantage of scientists who simply want to share their research.
    If publishers structure their business to make more revenue, it often does harm to their products. When publishers start journals with overlapping domains, in combination with the pressure to publish more studies, this could promote the publication of marginal or even questionable articles. Moreover, publishers with multiple overlapping journals and journals with very narrow specialties (专业) increase the demands on the time and efforts of willing reviewers. With the fact that reviewers are generally not compensated for their time and effort, journal editors are often unable to find enough reviewers to keep up with the increased publication rate.
    To improve the situation and increase the trust in scientific community, the pressure to publish must be reduced. Funding and promotion decisions should not be based on the number of publications, but on the quality of those publications and a researcher’s long-term productivity and instructions.
    And that’s just the start. We need additional mechanisms, such as Beall’s list of predatory (掠夺的) publishers, to alert scientists to fake journals and fake articles. In addition, the price for online publication must be controlled and a mechanism must be put in place to honor and reward hard-working reviewers.
What does the author think of online publishers?
选项 A、A small proportion of them can guarantee their publishing quality.
B、They have lots of opportunities to renovate their business models.
C、Many of them tend to try every means to make a buck.
D、Social impact is their first priority when publishing books.
答案C
解析 事实细节题。由定位句可知，许多出版商的目的只是以任何可能的方式赚钱，而不考虑对整个社会造成的后果，故答案为C)。A)“其中一小部分出版商能够保证出版质量”，第二句只提到并不是所有出版商都保留了适当的质量把控机制，没有提及比例如何，故排除；B)“他们有许多机会创新商业模式”，第二句提到信息革命为在线出版商创造了巨大的商机，但没有提到创新商业模式，故排除；D)“社会影响是他们出版书籍时首要考虑的问题”，这与定位句中的许多在线出版商不考虑对整个社会造成的后果相矛盾，故排除。
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大学英语四级

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