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  3. Innovation is key to business survival, and companies put substantial resources into inspiring employees to develop new ideas. T

Innovation is key to business survival, and companies put substantial resources into inspiring employees to develop new ideas. T

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问题     Innovation is key to business survival, and companies put substantial resources into inspiring employees to develop new ideas. There are, nevertheless, people working in luxurious, state-of-the-art centers designed to stimulate innovation who find that their environment doesn’t make them feel at all creative. And there are those who don’t have a budget, or much space, but who innovate successfully.
    Research shows that the fit between an employee’s values and a company’s values makes a difference to what contribution they make and whether, two years after they join, they’re still at the company. One of the most famous photographs in the story of rock n’roll emphasizes the view. The 1956 picture of singer Elvis Presley, Carl Perkins, Johnny Cash and Jerry Lee Lewis jamming at a piano in Sun Studios in Memphis tells a hidden story. Sun’s "million-dollar quartet" could have been a quintet. Missing from the picture is Roy Orbison, a greater natural singer than Lewis, Perking or Cash. Sam Phillips, who owned Sun, wanted to revolutionize popular music with songs that fused black and white music, and country and blues. Presley, Cash, Perkins and Lewis instinctively understood Phillips’s ambition and believed in it, While Orbison wasn’t inspired by the goal, and only ever achieved one hit with the Sun label.
    Molecular biologist James Watson, together with Francis Crick, discovered the structure of DNA, the genetic information carrier of all living organisms. When asked how they had cracked the code ahead of an array of highly accomplished rival investigators, they said they succeeded because they were aware that they weren’t the most intelligent of the scientists pursuing the answer. The smartest scientist was called Rosalind Franklin who was so intelligent she rarely sought advice.
    Writing, visualizing and prototyping can stimulate the flow of new ideas. Scores of research papers and historical events prove that even something as simple as writing deepens every individual’s engagement in the project. It is the reason why all those competitions on breakfast cereal packets encouraged us to write in saying, in no more than 10 words: "I like Kellogg’s Corn Flakes because…" The very act of writing makes us more likely to believe it.
    Many theorists believe the ideal boss should lead from behind, taking pride in collective accomplishment and giving credit where it is due. Leaders should encourage everyone to contribute and simultaneously assure all concerned that every recommendation is important to making the right decision and will be given full attention. The frustrating thing about innovation is that there are many approaches, but no magic formula. However, a manager who wants to create a truly innovative culture can make their job a lot easier by recognizing these psychological realities.
The writer mentions competitions on breakfast cereal packets as an example of how to________.
选项 A、inspire creative thinking
B、generate concise writing
C、promote loyalty to a group
D、strengthen commitment to an idea
答案D
解析 本题关键词是breakfast cereal packets，本题属于例证题，定位第四段。根据第四段第二句，许多研究论文和历史事件证明，即使像书写这样简单的行为，也可以让人对所从事的项目更为专注投入(deepens every individual’s engagement)。选项D中的commitment与原文的engagement是相同含义，为正确选项。选项A属于曲解文意，第四段第一句指出，书写、视觉化和原型法可以启发创新思维，但并不代表第二句提及的早餐麦片包装竞赛这个具体例子的直接目的是启发创新。选项B属于就事论事，因为作者举这个例子是为了证明，通过书写可以让个人更加专注投入，而不是为了书写本身。选项C与麦片包装竞赛的目的没有关系，属于答非所问。第四段：书写、视觉化、原型法可以刺激人们产生新的想法。
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