2. 外语
  3. Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributi

Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributi

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问题       Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence.  Theories【C1】______ on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior【C2】______ they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through【C3】______ with others. Theories focusing on the role of society that children commit crimes in【C4】______ to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status【C5】______ as a rejection of middle-class values. Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families,【C6】______ the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes【C7】______ lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are【C8】______ to criticism. Changes in the social structure may indirectly【C9】______ juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that【C10】______ to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment【C11】______  make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in【C12】______lead more youths into criminal behavior. Families have also【C13】______ changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working parents; 【C14】______  ,children are likely to have less supervision at home【C15】______ was common in the traditional family【C16】______ This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other【C17】______ causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased 【C18】______ of drugs and alcohol, and the growing【C19】______ of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act,【C20】______  a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.
【C18】
选项 A、expense
B、restriction
C、allocation
D、availability
答案D
解析 语义衔接题。本题线索有两条：其一是本句阐述青少年犯罪的三个其他原因；其二是句中连词“and”所构成的名词平行结构，这一结构要求处于此下行结构中的名词应该在所表达的语义上属于同类，由于本句皆在阐述青少年犯罪的三个其他原因，所以这个名词平行结构中的三个名词都应该是不良社会现象或行为。本题具体涉及“毒品和酒精”，众所周知，“毒品和酒精”的泛滥与青少年犯罪的增加直接有关，故选项D availability(可得到性)是正确选项。A、B 、C选项的含义分别是“费用”、“限制”、“分配’。
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