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  3. In some professions and occupations, such as in the health-care profession, employees must often work very long shifts of twelve

In some professions and occupations, such as in the health-care profession, employees must often work very long shifts of twelve

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问题     In some professions and occupations, such as in the health-care profession, employees must often work very long shifts of twelve or more hours. What is your opinion about this practice? Give reasons or examples to support your opinion.
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答案 There are a number of professions in which employees must work long hours. In my opinion, this is only acceptable when the nature of the job demands it. First of all, it should be mentioned that there is a difference between working irregular hours and unsociable hours. Some people work very long hours, for various reasons. They probably work a longer working week than average. They may have a difficult job, or be very ambitious. Working long hours in this way is unnecessary. It is often because there is a "long-hours culture" in a company or industry. In addition, some people go into an industry in which unsociable hours are the norm. For example, the retail sector has expanded its opening hours in recent years, which means that employees have to work longer and more unsociable hours as more and more shops open longer. In general, these working hours are not essential, but social pressure and market demands have allowed them to become the norm. In contrast, there are certain professions in which working long unsociable hours is not only necessary and usual but essential. The medical profession is a good example of this. People depend on having access to medical staff in an emergency twenty-four hours a day. If medical staff were not available twenty-four hours a day, the quality of care for patients would go down. Other examples of these professions are the emergency services, such as the police and fire service. Police officers and fire fighters would be unable to do their jobs if they worked a typical 9-to-5 workday. On the other hand, working excessively long hours can compromise people’s ability to do their jobs. For example, junior doctors often work in excess of one hundred hours per week. Sometimes they are so tired that they could make an incorrect diagnosis or prescription. In conclusion, it is my opinion that workers should only be required to work long hours when the job demands it, but that this needs to be balanced with concern for their own and the public’s safety.
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