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  3. A recent study, published in last week’s Journal of the American Medical Association, offers a picture of how risky it is to get

A recent study, published in last week’s Journal of the American Medical Association, offers a picture of how risky it is to get

admin2012-02-02  92
问题     A recent study, published in last week’s Journal of the American Medical Association, offers a picture of how risky it is to get a lift from a teenage driver. Indeed, a 16-year-old driver with three or more passengers is three times as likely to have a fatal accident as a teenager driving alone. By contrast, the risk of death for drivers between 30 and 59 decreases with each additional passenger.
The authors also found that the death rates for teenage drivers increased dramatically after 10 p.m., and especially after midnight, with passengers in the car, the driver was even more likely to die in a late-night accident
    Robert Foss, a scientist at the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, says the higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with "really stupid behavior" than with just a lack of driving experience. "The basic issue," He says, "is that adults who are responsible for issuing licenses fail to recognize how complex and skilled a task driving is. "
    Both he and the author of the study believe that the way to mitigate (使......缓解) the problem is to have states institute so-called graduated licensing systems, in which getting a license is a multistage process. A graduated license requires that a teenager first prove himself capable of driving in the presence of an adult, followed by a period of driving with night of passenger restrictions, before graduating to full driving privileges.
    Graduated licensing systems have reduced teenage driver crashes, according to recent studies. About half of the states now have some sort of graduated licensing system in place, but only 10 of those states have restrictions on passengers. California is the strictest, with a novice (新手) driver prohibited from carrying any passenger under 20 (with-out the presence of an adult over 25) for the first six months. (311 words)
The present situation in about half of the states is that the graduated licensing system______.
选项 A、is under discussion
B、is about to be set up
C、has been put into effect
D、has been perfected
答案C
解析 本题属于细节理解题。第五段第一句“Graduated licensing systems have reduced teenage driver crashes”的意思很明了，分步发放系统已经减少青少年驾车事故，这说明这一系统已经起到了效果，与C的说法一致。后面的一句话是个长句，大体意思是说一半的州虽然实施了分步发放系统，但在乘客限制上不是很严格，只有加利福尼亚较为严格。这说明这一系统还需要进行完善，D就不对了。文章没有提到这一系统是否正处在讨论中，从已经实施这一情况来看，应该是讨论过并得到确立了。这样A和B的说法就都是错误的。
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