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  3. Well before the winter holidays of charity and good cheer, much of the world is now in a spirit of generosity and forbearance to

Well before the winter holidays of charity and good cheer, much of the world is now in a spirit of generosity and forbearance to

admin2022-02-27  91
问题     Well before the winter holidays of charity and good cheer, much of the world is now in a spirit of generosity and forbearance toward debt—all in response to the unprecedented impact of the pandemic on vulnerable people and countries.
    Twenty of the world’s richest nations agreed, on April 22, to freeze the debt obligations of about a quarter of humanity that lives in the poorest 76 countries. The Group of 20 encouraged private creditors to also provide short-term relief. A couple of days earlier, the International Monetary Fund announced an immediate freeze for debt owed by 25 developing countries. The IMF will rely on a special $500 million fund for "catastrophe containment and relief.
    Within countries, both elected leaders and private lenders are stepping up to ease the financial obligations of such groups as small businesses, renters, and people saddled with student loans. In the United States, for example, many car companies are letting borrowers defer payments on auto loans. Under a program from Freddie Mac, landlords with multifamily housing are allowed to defer loan payments for 90 days.
    Because of the magnitude of the COVID-19 emergency, perhaps never before has the world had to come to grips with the nuanced difficulties of debt relief on such a large scale. By one estimate, 1 in 5 emerging market countries will default on debt obligations because of the financial damage from the coronavirus. "No region can win the battle against COVID-19 alone," stated European countries in a joint appeal to provide debt relief for poor nations.
    The necessity of mass debt relief is not new to global leaders. After World War II, Germany was granted generous relief on old debts which resulted in a strong economy today, an anchor for Europe’s stability and prosperity. Starting in the 1980s, one debt crisis after another forced fresh thinking about the benefits and hazards of forgiving or deferring the debt of financially troubled countries.
    Will debt tolerance only encourage risky behavior in the future? As commerce has become more global, so too has understanding of the need to sometimes go easy on debt enforcement while still ensuring repayment at some point in the future. In a more closely-knit world, the benefits of debt relief can easily flow both ways.
    "Forgiveness is truly the grace by which we enable another person to get up, and get up with dignity, to begin anew," says South Africa’s Archbishop Desmond Tutu. With those less well-off in the world hit hard by the pandemic, debt relief is on the global agenda, demanding a renewed focus on patience and forbearance as necessary tools to defeat COVID-19.
What does the author want to illustrate with the case of Germany in World War II?
选项 A、Mass debt relief is scanty to leaders.
B、Old debts hinder the economic development of Germany.
C、Europe’s prosperity is independent of the German economy.
D、Debt tolerance has been precedented before.
答案D
解析 例证题。根据题干关键词Germany和World Wal Ⅱ可定位到第五段第二句，作者列举了二战中德国的例子。例子的出现是为了证明论点，故我们要找到这个例子想要证明的论点，根据写作规律，论点一般出现在例子的前面或后面。本段第一句内容为“对全球领导人来说，大规模债务减免的必要性并不新鲜”，而后作者就列举了二战中德国进行债务减免的例子，所以这个例子是为了证明债务宽容已经有过先例，答案选D项。A项说大规模债务减免对领导人来说是很罕见的，与原文意思相反，故排除。本段第二句说“第二次世界大战后，德国获得了对旧债的大量减免，使其经济得到强劲的发展，也铸就了欧洲的稳定与繁荣”，故B项和C项都与原文意思相反，排除。
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