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  3. In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment. Supporters o

In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment. Supporters o

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问题     In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment. Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments. Their rent cannot increase, therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes. However, the critics say that after a long time, rent control may have negative effects. Landlords know that they cannot increase their profits. Therefore, they invest in other businesses where they can increase their profits. They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rent-controlled. As a result, new apartments are not built. Many people who need apartments cannot find any. According to the critics, the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.
    Some theorists argue that the minimum wage law can cause problems in the same way. The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers. The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled, low-paying jobs. However, if the minimum is high, employers may hire fewer workers. They will replace workers with machinery. The price, which is the wage that employers must pay, increases. Therefore, other things being equal, the number of workers that employers want decreases. Thus, critics claim, an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment. Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage.
    Supporters of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity. Because of the law, workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum. Furthermore, employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages.
    Economic theory predicts the results of economic decisions such as decisions about farm production, rent control, and the minimum wage. The predictions may be correct only if "other things are equal". Economists do not agree on some of the predictions. They also do not agree on the value of different decisions.
    Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it. Economists do agree, however, that there are no simple answers to economic questions.
The problem of unemployment will arise________.
选项 A、if the minimum wage is set too high
B、if the minimum wage is set too low
C、if the workers are unskilled
D、if the maximum wage is set
答案A
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第四至八句“However, if the minimum is high, employers may hire fewer workers. They will replace workers with machinery…herefore, other things being equal, the number of workers that employers want decreases. Thus, critics claim, an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment. ”可知，最低工资如果设定过高，公司会聘用更少的员工，他们会用机器代替人工。因此，最低工资如果设定过高，失业率会上升。故选A。
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